1922] SPESSARD—LYCOPODIUM 407 
but the mother cell walls were extremely weak and the nuclei small. 
They appeared starved. The endophytic fungus was not demon- 
strated to be present in them, and it is very probable that they 
originated in the usual way. 
Mitosis does not occur ituttebilals throughout the individual 
antheridia. The organ is divided into quarters, and all the cells 
of a single quarter will show the same phase, but one earlier or later 
than the neighboring quarter. 
ARCHEGONIA 
The stages in the development of individual archegonia are the 
same as those described for the genus. A few of the stages are 
shown in figs. 83-86. The neck is rather long, containing as many 
as fourteen canal cells. As a rule these are double, or at least part 
of them are. Even the ventral cell is involved in this division 
(fig. 86). In this organ the cells are beginning to disintegrate, as 
shown by the swollen walls. The position of such an organ relative 
to the prothallium is shown in fig. 90 on the cut edge. That the 
doubling of the neck canal cells occurs early is shown by fig. 85. 
One instance was observed of a very abnormal archegonial growth. 
Six organs arose from the prothallium (fig. 90), which were all 
apparently normal, near maturity, and about the same age. There 
were traces of the endophytic fungus in the canals. The fungus 
occurs normally in all the archegonia. It is probable that this 
peculiar massing of archegonia is to be explained on the same 
grounds as the antheridial masses. It would be instructive to 
know how frequently this occurs. Unfortunately the mass was 
not discovered until sections had been made, and the topographic 
view had to be made up from serial sections. 
The exact morphological position of the sex organs, especially 
the antheridial masses, should be made plain. From a superficial 
view of fig. 80, it might appear that the upper mass is derived from 
the border, but the section shown in fig. 74 should make the matter 
clear. It was rather difficult to determine the origin of the mass. 
Antheridia of all ages are found in any one, but the primordia 
always are found at the outer junction of the mass and the prothallial 
tissue beneath. Nevertheless, certain sections showed that the 
