FIRST RECORDS OF BRITISH FLOWERING PLANTS. 151 



V. odorata L. Sp. PI. 934 (1753). 1629. " Viola purpurea. 1 ' 

 Johns. Kent, p. 8. u Viola niartia alba odoratissima. From 

 Cornwal, Dr. Guntborp." — Merrett, 125. 



V. hirta L. Sp. PL 934 (1753). 1666. " Viola fol. Trachelii 

 serotina hirsuta radice lignosa. In Charlton Wood, and in the 

 Lane leading to Sittingbourn, and in the way to Lewshain in a 



great Gravel pit. 1 ' — Merr. 125. 



V. Riviniana Reichenb. Fl. Germ. Excursoria, 705, (1830-32) ; 

 Fr. in Bot.Notiser, 1841,81. 1632. " Viola canina, caerulea inodora, 

 sylvestris serotina, Lob."— Johns. Kent, p. 86. Mr. Britten points 

 out that Johnson (Ger. em. 851) alters Gerard's description (see 

 V. canina) into " the wild fielde Violet with round leaves/' and 

 adds, "this growes commonly in woods and such like places*': 

 he also replaces Gerard's figure with one which may be V. Riviniana. 

 Gerard may have referred to this when he w r rote, " Of [wilde field 

 Violet] I have found another sort growing wild neere unto Blacke 

 heath by Greenewich, at Eltham parke, with flowers of a bright 

 reddish purple colour " (Ger. 701): if so, the plant dates from 1597. 

 The name liiviniana is first taken up for the British plant in Bab. 

 Man. ed. 2, p. 36 (1847) under V. sylvatica Fr., which includes this 

 and the next. 



V. Reichenbachiana Jord. in Boreau, Fl. du Centre, ed. 3, ii. 

 78(1857). 1861. Mr. A. G. More, in Keport of Thirsk Nat. Hist. 

 Soc. Bot. Exch. Club, 1861, p. 7. 



V. arenaria DC. Fl. Fr. iv. 806 (1805). 1863. Found before 

 1861 by Messrs. James Backhouse u at the upper end of Teesdale, 

 on the north side of the river." — Babington in Journ. Bot. 1863, 325. 



V. canina L. Sp. PL 935 (1753). 1724. " Observed by Mr. 

 Du Bois about Mitcham " (Surrey). — Eay, Syn. iii. 364, 5. Mr. 

 Britten suggests that Gerard's " wilde field Violet with long leaves" 

 (Ger. 701) was probably this, though the figure, he says, " seems 



V. lac tea or V. stagnina." 



V. lactea Sm. E. B. 445 (1798). 1796. " Found by Mr. 

 Stackhouse at Pendarvis in Cornwall. " — With. Bot. Arr. ed. 3, 

 p. 262. " Near Tunbridge Wells," Kent.— T. F. Forster, E. B. I. c. 



V. persicsefolia Both. Tent. ii. 271 (1789). V. stagnina Kit. 

 (1814). 1839. Found by Mr. John Nicholson near Lincoln, and 

 described as a state of V. lactea. — Ann. N. H. ser. 1, ii. 383. 



V. tricolor L. Sp. PI. 935 (1753). 1548. M Groweth ofte 

 amonge the corne." — Turn. Names, H v. 



V. arvensis Murr. Prod. 73 (1770). 1597. "The flowers of 

 this wilde [Pansy] are of a bleake and pale colour, farre inferior in 

 beautie to that of the garden, wherein consisteth the difference." — 

 Ger. 704. E. Forster (E. B. Supp. 2712) identifies this with V. 

 arvensis, — a name which he first introduced to our lists, — and cites 

 also Ger. em. 854, fig. 4. 



V. Curtisii E. Forster in E. B. Supp. 2693 (1831). 1831. 

 44 Found on Braunton-boroughs in Devonshire ... by the late 

 William Curtis, and introduced into his garden by the name of 

 Viola littoralis." — E. Forster, /. c. Curtis found it before 1790, in 

 which year it appears, as V. littoralis 3 in the Catalogue of the 

 Brompton Botanic Garden. 



