﻿yd 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  which 
  are 
  mtercalated 
  with 
  these, 
  they 
  are 
  also 
  very 
  hke 
  the 
  Low- 
  

   ville, 
  with 
  which 
  we 
  at 
  first 
  classified 
  them. 
  Their 
  shift 
  from 
  the 
  

   one 
  to 
  the 
  other 
  considerably 
  diminishes 
  the 
  supposed 
  thickness 
  of 
  

   the 
  Lowville 
  of 
  the 
  district 
  and 
  correspondingly 
  increases 
  the 
  

   Pamelia. 
  

  

  In 
  this 
  cut, 
  the 
  first 
  of 
  three 
  such 
  along 
  the 
  railway 
  south 
  of 
  San- 
  

   ford 
  Corners, 
  the 
  rock 
  dip 
  is 
  to 
  the 
  south, 
  carrying 
  the 
  Pamelia 
  

   summit 
  below 
  the 
  track 
  level 
  before 
  reaching 
  the 
  second 
  cut. 
  The 
  

   dip 
  then 
  reverses, 
  becoming 
  north, 
  and 
  bringing 
  up 
  the 
  Pamelia 
  

   again 
  in 
  the 
  third 
  cut. 
  At 
  the 
  nordi 
  end 
  of 
  this 
  cut 
  the 
  basal, 
  

   bryozoan, 
  conglomerate 
  layer 
  of 
  the 
  Lowville 
  has 
  increased 
  in 
  thick- 
  

   ness 
  to 
  38 
  inches, 
  as 
  against 
  a 
  3 
  inch 
  thickness 
  in 
  the 
  section 
  just 
  

   given, 
  and 
  immediately 
  beneath 
  it 
  is 
  a 
  layer 
  of 
  exceedingly 
  fine 
  

   grained 
  dove 
  limestone 
  mud, 
  which 
  is 
  the 
  exact 
  counterpart 
  of 
  the 
  

   material 
  composing 
  the 
  conglomerate 
  pebbles 
  [pi. 
  31, 
  lower 
  figure]. 
  

   .This 
  layer 
  was 
  wholly 
  lacking 
  also 
  in 
  the 
  previous 
  section. 
  At 
  

   the 
  south 
  end 
  of 
  the 
  cut 
  the 
  Lowville 
  shows 
  63^ 
  feet 
  thickness 
  of 
  

   basal 
  layers 
  which 
  did 
  not 
  appear 
  in 
  the 
  section 
  in 
  the 
  north 
  cut, 
  

   and 
  there 
  is 
  also 
  a 
  thickness 
  of 
  full 
  6 
  feet 
  of 
  the 
  pebble-furnishing, 
  

   dove 
  limestone 
  at 
  the 
  Pamelia 
  summit, 
  which 
  is 
  also 
  lacking 
  in 
  that 
  

   section. 
  The 
  evidence 
  of 
  unconformity 
  between 
  the 
  two 
  forma- 
  

   tions 
  is 
  clear, 
  and 
  found 
  as 
  Ulrich 
  had 
  predicted 
  that 
  it 
  would 
  be. 
  

   The 
  fact 
  that 
  both 
  formations 
  thicken 
  together 
  is, 
  however, 
  some-' 
  

   what 
  unusual, 
  and 
  suggests 
  that 
  some 
  of 
  the 
  warping 
  shown 
  occurred 
  

   in 
  the 
  uplift 
  following 
  Pamelia 
  deposition, 
  its 
  summit 
  being 
  pro- 
  

   tected 
  from 
  wear 
  in 
  a 
  shallow 
  trough, 
  in 
  which 
  also 
  the 
  first 
  be- 
  

   ginnings 
  of 
  Lowville 
  deposition 
  took 
  place. 
  

  

  The 
  section 
  here 
  in 
  the 
  south 
  cut 
  is 
  given 
  on 
  page 
  84 
  under 
  the 
  

   account 
  of 
  the 
  Lowville 
  formation. 
  

  

  The 
  section 
  just 
  described 
  gives 
  an 
  excellent 
  idea 
  of 
  the 
  deposi- 
  

   tional 
  conditions 
  which 
  prevailed 
  during 
  the 
  closing 
  stages 
  of 
  

   Pamelia 
  deposition. 
  The 
  fine 
  limestone 
  muds, 
  much 
  sun 
  cracked, 
  

   worm-burrowed, 
  even 
  ripple-marked; 
  the 
  injection 
  of 
  sand 
  grains 
  

   and 
  the 
  occurrence 
  of 
  the 
  occasional 
  limestone 
  conglomerates, 
  

   together 
  with 
  the 
  abundance 
  of 
  ostracods 
  and 
  the 
  general 
  absence 
  

   of 
  marine 
  forms; 
  all 
  these 
  point 
  unquestionably 
  to 
  intermittent 
  de- 
  

   position 
  in 
  a 
  shallow 
  lagoon, 
  with 
  drying 
  mud 
  flats 
  produced 
  from 
  

   time 
  to 
  time, 
  and 
  with 
  only 
  occasional 
  admission 
  of 
  sea 
  water. 
  

   Though 
  the 
  uppermost 
  break, 
  here 
  chosen 
  as 
  marking 
  the 
  base 
  of 
  the 
  

   Lowville, 
  seems 
  much 
  the 
  most 
  considerable 
  of 
  all, 
  the 
  presence 
  of 
  

   more 
  than 
  one 
  conglomerate 
  horizon, 
  of 
  more 
  than 
  one 
  horizon 
  of 
  

   sand 
  grains, 
  indicates 
  several 
  minor 
  breaks 
  in 
  the 
  summit 
  of 
  the 
  

  

  