﻿154 
  NEW 
  YORK 
  STATE 
  MUSEUM 
  

  

  down 
  the 
  steep 
  ice 
  front, 
  into 
  the 
  standing 
  waters. 
  This 
  genetic 
  

   relationship 
  throws 
  them 
  into 
  the 
  category 
  of 
  water-laid 
  marginal 
  

   drift, 
  and 
  they 
  are 
  essentially 
  kames. 
  The 
  inclusion 
  of 
  huge 
  

   angular 
  blocks, 
  apparently 
  contributed 
  directly 
  by 
  the 
  ice, 
  along 
  

   with 
  the 
  very 
  coarse 
  and 
  largely 
  unassorted 
  materials 
  constituting 
  

   the 
  bulk 
  of 
  the 
  hills, 
  proves 
  their 
  close 
  contact 
  with 
  the 
  ice 
  front. 
  

  

  The 
  stony 
  composition 
  of 
  these 
  hills 
  has 
  been 
  made 
  more 
  evi- 
  

   dent 
  by 
  the 
  wave 
  erosion 
  of 
  the 
  waters 
  in 
  which 
  they 
  were 
  buried, 
  

   the 
  finer 
  materials 
  being 
  swept 
  away 
  from 
  the 
  sloping 
  surfaces. 
  

   There 
  is 
  a 
  general 
  lack 
  of 
  clayey 
  or 
  adhesive 
  material. 
  

  

  The 
  amassing 
  of 
  such 
  large 
  piles 
  of 
  blocks 
  and 
  boulders, 
  which 
  

   are 
  only 
  sparsely 
  distributed 
  over 
  adjacent 
  ground, 
  is 
  an 
  interesting 
  

   illustration 
  of 
  the 
  peculiar 
  mechanical 
  operations 
  of 
  the 
  waning 
  

   ice 
  sheet, 
  which 
  invites 
  speculation 
  as 
  to 
  the 
  precise 
  genetic 
  pro- 
  

   cesses. 
  The 
  boulder 
  kames 
  hold 
  a 
  considerable 
  percentage 
  of 
  far- 
  

   traveled 
  fragments, 
  Potsdam 
  and 
  crystallines, 
  which 
  argues 
  against 
  

   a 
  basal 
  position 
  in 
  the 
  ice 
  of 
  the 
  rock 
  materials, 
  in 
  which 
  case 
  they 
  

   would 
  be 
  mostly 
  of 
  local 
  derivation. 
  The 
  streams 
  which 
  carried 
  

   the 
  boulders 
  must 
  have 
  had 
  high 
  gradient, 
  which 
  argues 
  for 
  super- 
  

   glacial 
  flow. 
  This 
  and 
  the 
  unassorted 
  structure 
  of 
  the 
  conical 
  piles 
  

   argues 
  for 
  a 
  steep 
  frontal 
  slope 
  of 
  the 
  ice 
  at 
  these 
  points. 
  The 
  

   glacial 
  rivers, 
  like 
  land 
  streams, 
  doubtless 
  had 
  their 
  tributaries, 
  and 
  

   valleys 
  in 
  the 
  ice, 
  down 
  the 
  walls 
  of 
  which 
  the 
  stones 
  rolled 
  to 
  the 
  

   streams; 
  so 
  that 
  a 
  river 
  would 
  gather 
  up 
  the 
  rock 
  rubbish 
  from 
  a 
  

   large 
  area 
  of 
  the 
  ice 
  sheet, 
  and 
  eventually 
  concentrate 
  it 
  in 
  a 
  detri- 
  

   tal 
  cone 
  in 
  a 
  notch 
  at 
  the 
  ice 
  margin. 
  

  

  Kames. 
  Deposits 
  of 
  sand 
  and 
  gravel 
  contributed 
  by 
  glacial 
  

   drainage 
  are 
  well 
  displayed 
  in 
  a 
  number 
  of 
  localities', 
  and 
  several 
  

   kame 
  areas 
  retain 
  their 
  relief 
  as 
  hills 
  and 
  knolls 
  despite 
  the 
  ero- 
  

   sional 
  and 
  leveling 
  action 
  of 
  the 
  standing 
  waters. 
  Indefinite 
  patches 
  

   of 
  sand 
  are 
  rather 
  frequent 
  and 
  would 
  be 
  much 
  more 
  numerous 
  on 
  

   our 
  maps 
  if 
  the 
  wide 
  stretches 
  of 
  country 
  between 
  the 
  highways 
  

   were 
  all 
  examined. 
  

  

  The 
  southernmost 
  and 
  earliest 
  of 
  the 
  kames 
  of 
  the 
  area 
  are 
  in 
  

   the 
  Black 
  river 
  district, 
  shown 
  on 
  plate 
  44. 
  Two 
  patches 
  lie 
  south 
  

   of 
  Felts 
  Mills, 
  close 
  to 
  the 
  limestone 
  scarp. 
  Small 
  patches 
  are 
  

   west 
  of 
  Black 
  River, 
  and 
  large 
  surfaces 
  north 
  of 
  Sanford 
  Corners 
  

   and 
  a 
  mile 
  southeast. 
  The 
  sand 
  plain 
  on 
  West 
  creek, 
  south 
  of 
  Evans 
  

   Mills, 
  marked 
  on 
  the 
  map 
  as 
  correlating 
  with 
  Gilbert 
  waters, 
  may 
  

   be 
  partly 
  or 
  chiefly 
  kame 
  instead 
  of 
  delta. 
  A 
  kame 
  area 
  of 
  de- 
  

   cided 
  relief 
  and 
  glacial 
  character 
  lies 
  2 
  miles 
  southwest 
  of 
  Evans. 
  

   Mills. 
  

  

  