38 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



The deposits are worked by open-cast or quarry methods. 

 Under the present management some innovations have been 

 made that are superior as regards economy over the ordinary 

 methods in use in the Adirondack region. Instead of percussion 

 drills of small caliber, shot drills capable of boring 4 inch holes 

 to a depth of 50 feet are employed. The holes are heavily loaded 

 with dynamite and break down an enormous quantity of the ore 

 at one time. The large blocks are then broken up by secondary 

 drilling and blasting into sizes within the capacity of the crush- 

 ers. The ore is loaded by steam shovel on to cars for transport 

 to the mill, where the first crushing is performed by a pair of 6 foot 

 rolls. The ore then passes to smaller rolls which reduce it to the 

 size required in the separation. 



The company intends to erect a new mill in the near future, 

 if the results of present operations are satisfactory. The ore 

 l3odies have been tested, it is said, to a depth of 600 feet on the 

 dip, without encountering any marked change in their char- 

 acter. 



Lake mine. The Sterling Iron & Railway Co. operated this 

 mine during 1907. The ore body is the same one that is tapped 

 by the celebrated Sterling mine which was located in 1750 and 

 furnished ore for a local furnace built the following year. The 

 jnderground workings approach to within a few feet of the Ster- 

 ling and extend under Sterling lake. The ore is a non-Bessemer 

 fairly rich magnetite. The following analysis is taken from 

 Putnam's report. 



Iron 57.25 



Sulfur 088 



Phosphorus i . 205 



Manganese present 



MILLSTONES 



A small output of millstones is made each year in Ulster 

 :ounty, where the industry has been established for over a cen- 

 :ury, still furnishing a great part of the domestic millstones used 

 .n this country. The product is known in the trade as Esopus 

 ?tone, from the early name of Kingston which was once the 

 principal point of shipment. 



The millstones are quarried from the Shawangunk grit, a light 

 gray quartz conglomerate found along the Shawangunk moun- 

 tain from near High Falls southwest toward the Pennsylvania 



