FCETTERLE STYRIA. 31 



conglomerate, running north and south, and dipping east at a steep 

 angle. It is worked at Knaponsche, with a monthly produce of 

 300 lbs. of lead. Lenticular deposits of lead-ores occur also in the 

 Gailthal-strata of Kraken, Kirchstildten, and elsewhere. 



Zinc, in the form of sulphuret, is only known at Kamnitza, Zirk- 

 ousche, and other localities, where it is found interspersed with 

 copper-pyrites and galena. 



Iron-ores (pisiform-ores and ochreous brown hydrate of iron), mixed 

 with loam and detritus, are frequently met with filling up small 

 fissures and basins at the surface in the triassic, juiassic, and cretaceous 

 limestones. The exploitation of these ores is somewhat costly on 

 account of their inconsiderable depth and scattered position. Similar 

 ores being found regularly imbedded in the nummulitic depo its of 

 the Feistritz Valley, M. Lipoid considers the pisiform iron of the 

 calcareous Alps to be generally of eocene origin. 



Ochreous and sandy brown hydrate of iron, of quite a different 

 character, is imbedded in the Werfen-strata of St. Urban and in the 

 Gailthal-strata of Hottaule. Oolitic ironstone and brown hydrate 

 seem to form a continuous bed on the narthern slopes of the Schintza 

 Valley, near Podliva ; they are now regularly worked. 



Gypsum occurs in the mercuriferous rock at Laak. Anthracite is 

 found near Idria, and in other localities, in narrow veins, or more 

 generally in granules mixed with matrix of the metalliferous bed, or 

 with the ores themselves. [Count M.] 



On some Lignites in Southern Styria. By M, Fcetterle. 



[Proceed. Imp. Geol. Instit. Vienna, April 18, 1857.] 

 The lignite-deposits near Wies and Schwanberg, west of Leibnitz, 

 in Southern Styria, form the lowest member of a group of tertiary 

 freshwater marl-shales, plastic clay, and gravel, in the basin between 

 the eastern extremity of the Eor-Alpe and the Sausal, and com- 

 municating with the marine basin of the Mur Valley. The same 

 lignite occurs almost invariably in the isolated tertiary deposits of 

 Eibiswald, Wies, Steieregg, and Schwanberg, which have been subject 

 to upheaval, and are cut through by the mountain-torrents. 



The thickness of the lignite-beds varies from 3 to 1 feet ; and, 

 in a single instance (Steieregg), it amounts even to 1 5 feet. Their 

 direction is very variable ; their dip varies from 8° to 16°. Between 

 Schonegg and Tombach, a bed, 3 or 4 feet thick, lies nearly in the 

 centre of the hill, cropping out on both sides. The Steieregg ligni- 

 tiferous deposit affects the form of a basin, in which the fossil fuel, 



8 to 16 feet thick, is opened out to the extent of more than 10,800 feet 

 (something above 2 English miles). 



According to an average calculation, the quantity of fossil fuel at 

 present opened may amount to from 150,000,000 to 200,000,000 cwt. 

 This fuel is an "old brown-coal," of good quality, containing from 



9 to 14 per cent, of water, and leaving 5 to 12 per cent, of ash ; 

 from 10 to 13 cwt. is the thermogenic equivalent of a fathom. 



[Count M.] 



