TWO FAUNAS IX THE QUEBEC MASSIF. 491 



ing into consideration the stratigrapbical, lithological and paleontological 

 relations and dicta of the rocks of this clearly distinct and well-marked 

 terrane in the scale of geologic terranes in America, we can readily separate 

 them from others, such as the Lorraine and Utica terranes, with which they 

 have been for years made synchronous or newer. The fauna enclosed in 

 the typical Lorraine shales, i. e., in those shales which overlie the Utica 

 sliale and underlie the Oswego, or, as it is now called, Medina, sandstone, is 

 well known and can be studied to advantage in Canada around the jNIani- 

 toulin islands, at Collingwood, and at various points from that place to Oak- 

 ville and southeastward by Weston and Toronto, in New York and in the 

 valley of the Richelieu river, in the Ottawa Paleozoic basin and near St. 

 Nicholas, at Cote Sauvageau, in the St. Charles river valley, at Mont- 

 morency below the falls, at Ste. Famille, and on the Island of Orleans at 

 Ste. Anne de Beaupre, at St. Joachim, and also along the northern shore of 

 Anticosti. 



There seem to occur then two distinct faunas entombed in distinct series 

 of strata and holding a different position as to age. The apparently lower 

 Trenton aspect of a portion of the Quebec massif as seen at Cote d' Abraham 

 and Cote de la Negresse gives us an indication of the age of the strata at 

 these points. Cut off on all sides by faults and separated from the Levis rocks 

 by the St. Lawrence river, the Quebec terrane (which name I beg to propose 

 for this series of strata such as we meet at the Montcalm market, Parliament 

 square, and drill-shed exposures) stands by itself in an anomalous position 

 very similar to rocks of similar age which Professor Lapworth designated as 

 *' unplaced in the series." * 



There is a marked physical resemblance between the Quebec massif and 

 the Levis rocks south of the city, but one series is a highly bitumiuo-calca- 

 reous terrane ; the other not so. The presence of such forms as Agnostus, 

 Aegllna, Ampyx, Dionide, Bathyurus, etc., point to a rather lower horizon than 

 the Trenton, while I believe that it is perhaps premature to give the precise 

 geological position of the strata at Quebec, in the present light of our knowl- 

 edge. Suffice it for this occasion to separate this terrane from that of the 

 Lorraine shales or Lorraine terrane, i. e., overlying the Utica, and recognize 

 it as a distinct one, whose more exact position will form an interesting object 

 of research. But a few days, comparatively speaking, have been spent in 

 examining the strata at Quebec, and the limestone bands and shales inter- 

 stratified are richly fossiliferous. 



The Levis. — Next in order comes the Levis terrane, whose characters, both 

 paleontological and stratigrapbical, are given in detail in the reports of the 

 Canadian survey and in many other interesting memoirs and publications. 

 Along with Dr. Ells, the writer has made an examination of the fossiliferous 



*This same authority had recognized the earlier af?e of the " Hudson River rocks" in America 

 and their identity with'the Glenkiln shales of south Scotland as their European equivalents. 



