140 



casts of gasteropods in chalcedony, calcitrc and iron pyrites, 

 somo shell matter; Turritella aldingae, Mesalia stylacris, 

 Fihularia gregata, Gellepom"). 



Examined as to its nature, the following details are 

 observable : — 



When moist this bed is somewhat sticky in texture, but 

 easily washes down, on account of the large proportion of 

 fine quartz sand which it contains. 



Fine Washings. — ^ These consist largely of quartz grains, 

 sub-angular to rounded, with usually a very high polish. 

 They were undoubtedly of aeolian origin and carried into 

 the marine deposit either by estuarine river flows or high 

 winds, but most probably through the former. The quartz 

 grains measure about *4 to 1 mm. in diameter. Admixed with 

 the quartz grains are numerous granules of pyrites and frag- 

 ments of polyzoa and calcareous molluscan shells; some of the 

 shell fragments show attached crystals of iron pyrites. 



Coarser Washings. — About one-sixth of the material 

 remains as coarse washings and contains by far the larger 

 number of fossils. These are more or less fragmentary, or 

 often partially pyritised. Some of the smooth, rounded, 

 white, quartz pebbles are beautifully coated by a superficial 

 deposit of brassy pyrites laid on in electroplate fashion. 



The fossils determined from this horizon are : — 

 Anthozoa — Mopsea tenisoni, Chapman ; J/, hamiltoni^ 



Thomson, sp. 

 Echinodermata — A cidaroid spine, cf. Leiocidaris. 

 Polyzoa — Cellepora gamhierensis Busk; Adeona obliqua, 



MacGillivray ; Porina gracilis, Milne-Edwards, sp. 



Brachiopoda — Terehratida tateana, T. Woods. 



Pelecypoda — Limopsis insolita, Sowerby, sp. ; Area 

 (Plagiarca) cainozoica, Tate, sp. ; .4. (Barhatia), 

 sp. ; Crassatellites communis, Tate, sp. ; Cardita 

 latissima, Tate; C. delicatida, Tate; Cardiwm 

 monilitectum, Tate; Corhula pyxidata, Tate; (7.. 

 ephamilla, Tate. 



Gasteropoda — Collonia parvvla, Tate; Euspira effusa,. 

 Tate; Turritella aldingae, Tate; T. tristira, 

 Tate; T. platyspira, T. Woods; Diala, sp. ; Letorium 

 oligosfiruni, Tate, sp. ; Marginella, cf. stromhiformis, 

 T. Woods; Scaphella pagodoides, Tate, sp. ; ^S". 

 puehlensis, Pritchard, sp. ; Ancilla ligata, Tate, sp. ; 

 Turris, sp. ; Actaeon, cf. subscalatus, Cossmann. 



Pisces — Fish otolith (Teleostean). 



