307 



may only be accidental, and the marble object of the ancient 

 Trojans may have been misidentified, still I mention the 

 striking resemblance for what it is worth. An objection 

 may be raised that the cult would have been universal in 

 Australia and not confined to the central eastern area, but 

 against this we have the localized Alcheringa cult with its 

 equally striking stone churinga spread over a smaller area. 



If we accept the views of Churchward, now gaining the 

 attention of anthropologists, that mankind originated in the 

 great lake districts of Africa, we find opened up a path 

 which leads to an understanding of the origin of our aborigines 

 and their beliefs. In his two books, "Signs and Symbols 

 of - Primordial Man" and "The Origin and Evolution of 

 Mankind," he pictures the Pygmy exodus throughout the 

 world and their displacement and annihilation by the people 

 of the second Nilotic exodus to which our aborigines, accord- 

 ing to him, belong. He states that the Pygmies of the first 

 Nilotic invasion were displaced in Australia and eventually 

 only remained in Tasmania. 



The recent discovery of plateau implements in Central 

 Australia by Professor Howchin (Trans. Roy. Soc. S. Austr., 

 vol. xlv., 1921, p. 206, pis. xi. to xxi.), and also by Mr. 

 Campbell at Millar Creek, strengthens this view, and the 

 remarkable legend told in Mr. Simpson Newland's book, 

 "Paving the Way," chap, xi., "The Doom of the Mullahs," 

 may be the traditional account of the fall of the Pygmies 

 in Australia. At any rate. Professor Krause thought it of 

 sufficient importance to give an account of the legend in the 

 Zeitschrift fiir Ethnologie of the Berliner Anthropologische 

 Gesellschaft, vol. 34, 1902, p. 263. 



The Pygmies who still live in Africa, New Guinea, and 

 elsewhere are a non-totemic people, and eeem by isolation 

 to have retained their purity. This throws a new light on 

 the anthropology of the extinct Tasmanians, who had the 

 true peppercorn hair of the Pygmies, no totems, and no 

 boomerangs. The second Nilotic exodus brought the 



boomerang, a very ancient weapon in Egypt (vide Horus I. 

 holding in left hand a boomerang, Book of the Underworld), 

 also at Deirel Bahari a statue of a Prince of Punt carrying 

 a boomerang (vide Churchward, "Origin and Evolution of 

 Mankind"), and with it the signs and symbols of the Nilotic 

 people and their palaeolithic stone implements. 



Now the Phallic Cult originated in Egypt, where it was 

 identified with the God Osiris, and from thence it was carried 

 all over the world, was elaborated later by the Greeks and 

 Romans, and crops up to-day in the maypole and the cere- 

 monials of the Lingayat Sect, in Southern India (vide 



