XXX PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



In 1816 he was appointed Professor at Munich, and received the 

 honour of heing elected into the Academy of that place. In con- 

 junction with Kopp, he then published another work on mineralogy, 

 ' Propadeutik der Mineralogie,' Frankfort, 1817; and soon after his 

 appointment to the Professorship at Heidelberg, in 1818, he turned 

 his attention more fully to geological subjects, and wrote at intervals 

 a series of instructive works which have exercised no little influence 

 on the studies and thoughts of the young, especially in German 

 Universities. The ' Charakteristik der Felsarten,' 1823, was in its 

 time a very valuable contribution, as was also, in the unsettled state 

 of opinion on the basaltic rocks, his work entitled ' Die Basalt-Gebilde 

 in ihren Beziehungen zu normalen und abnormalen Felsmassen,' 

 1823. 



His ' Lehrbuch der Geognosie und Geologie,' 1835, made its way 

 to all parts of Germany ; the ' Handbuch der Oryktognosie ' also 

 passed through several editions ; and his more popular works on 

 Geology and the Mineral Kingdom have been largely circulated and 

 translated into foreign languages. 



Meanwhile, from 1807 to 1830 as sole editor, and in conjunction 

 with Bronn from 1830 to the time of his death in January 1862, he 

 edited the admirable ' Jahrbuch fiir Mineralogie und Geologie,' which 

 is known throughout the scientific world as a repertory of original 

 papers, reviews, and interesting letters from some of the most 

 prominent savants of Europe. 



Yon Leonhard's services as a teacher and writer were acknowledged 

 by the diplomas and honorary titles conferred on him by many learned 

 societies, and by numerous orders bestowed on him by his own and 

 by foreign reigning monarchs. In 1817 he was elected a Foreign 

 Member of this Society, and died last year at Heidelberg, at the 

 advanced age of eighty-three. 



Robert Bald was born at Culross, in Perthshire, in 1776, and for a 

 long time occupied a high position as a mining engineer. In 1817 he 

 became a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. He was also 

 one of the original non-resident members of the Wernerian Society, 

 and contributed to its memoirs. One of these papers was " On the 

 Coal-formation of Clackmannanshire," which was read at three suc- 

 cessive meetings in 1809-10. Besides an account of the Coal-field, 

 it contains a careful description of the Boulder-clay and alluvial 

 deposits of the country. In 1819 he read another remarkable paper 

 on the same district, showing the effect of a series of faults by which 

 the Coal-measure strata are depressed to the south between the Ochil 

 Hills and the sea. In 1821 he read a paper before the Wernerian So- 

 ciety, entitled " Notices regarding the Fossil Elephant of Scotland," in 

 which he described the discovery of a tusk in a cutting in Boulder-clay, 

 a few miles to the west of Edinburgh. The fossil, when found, was so 

 fresh that one of the workmen carried it secretly to an ivory-turner, 

 from whom it was rescued only after it had been cut into three 

 pieces, which were in process of being converted into chessmen. 

 This, as far as I am aware, is the earliest record of the occurrence of 



