122 PKOCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [Dec. 17, 



From this ridge northwards, in passing into the Caldew valley, a 

 still greater exhibition of the metamorphic changes produced on the 

 Skiddaw slates by the influence of the granite of the Caldew valley 

 is seen. In Black Hazel-gill, a stream which flows from the north 

 side of Saddle-back into the Hiver Caldew, the following changes in 

 the metamorphic rocks occur. In the higher portion of the stream 

 chiastolite-rocks are found ; below these there comes on dark- 

 coloured hornblendic rock, which passes downwards into horn- 

 blendic gneiss, and in some cases into mica-schist, the whole dipping 

 S.S.E. ; and, in the bed of the Caldew, granite appears. A similar 

 sequence of metamorphic rocks is seen in the course of other streams 

 which flow from the southern ridges of the Caldew valley. 



Professor Sedgwick has described a nearly similar sequence of 

 metamorphic rocks as occurring on the south side of the Caldew 

 valley. 



On crossing the area occupied by the granite of the Caldew valley, 

 and following the course of the streams which flow from its northern 

 slope, we have the metamorphic series of the Skiddaw slates, but not 

 so well developed on the north side of the River Caldew as on the 

 south. 



Wiley-gill is one of the tributaries of the Caldew from the north, 

 and enters this river a short distance above the junction of Black 

 Hazel-gill, flowing from the south. The lower portion of Wiley-gill 

 is over granite, which forms the south base of the hill on its eastern 

 side. 



This granite is not seen in the stream, the lowest rocks shown in 

 situ having a gneissose character ; but the exposures of rock in this 

 brook are by no means good. At the junction of a small stream 

 which joins Wiley- gill from the east, slates having a chloritic nature 

 are seen dipping S.S.E. at a high angle ; and at the head of Wiley- 

 gill rocks of nearly the same nature occur, having a glossy aspect 

 and a light-grey colour. Here they are almost vertical, but still the 

 prevalent dip is S.S.E. 



On crossing over the watershed at the head of Wiley- gill, north- 

 wards, there is the head of a stream called Whitehouse-gill ; ordinary 

 Skiddaw slates of a grey colour, having a vertical cleavage and a 

 well-shown S.S.E. inclination of 30°, here present themselves. The 

 south side of the hill called Burn Dod, forming the northern side of 

 the valley drained by Whitehouse-gill, is covered with small blocks 

 of a coarse, gritty character, containing occasionally fragments re- 

 sembling Skiddaw slate. Similar coarse rocks are alluded to by Pro- 

 fessor Sedgwick as occurring in the mass of Skiddaw. At the south- 

 west base of Burn Dod, Whitehouse-gill is joined by Frozzen-gill, 

 flowing from the north-east ; and the hill called Cockup-fell, lying on 

 the north side of this stream below the junction, exhibits the mode 

 of association of the grits, which are seen covering the south side of 

 Burn Dod, with the Skiddaw slates. On the south-west side of 

 Cockup-fell, where these gritty beds have been wrought, they are 

 seen interstratified with the Skiddaw slates, and dipping at a high 

 angle towards the S.S.W. On the east side of Cockup-fell and in 



