124 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [Dec. 17, 



ment is seen, from which " Screes " have originated. The strata 

 here are contorted, but on the whole the dip is S.S.E. They have 

 a mineral nature like the rocks north of White Stones, and like them 

 they also afford Graptolites, among which Graptolites Sagittarius is 

 most abundant*. 



In the Skiddaw slate district lying east of Keswick Lake and Bass- 

 enthwaite Lake there is no axis distinctly shown. Sections along 

 the western side of this area and along its eastern margin alike 

 manifest a succession of S.S.E. dips from the northern portion of the 

 Skiddaw slates almost to their southern limits. In this area also, 

 wherever the Skiddaw slates occur, if they do not exhibit a highly 

 metamorphic condition, nor a great development of cleavage, they 

 yield the same fossils throughout the series. 



§ 4. Carrock- and Caldbeck -fells. 



Allusion has already been made to the granite of the Caldew val- 

 ley, the Skiddaw Forest granite of Professor Sedgwick. This rock 

 is seen extending down the course of the Caldew at intervals to near 

 the junction of the stream flowing from the north, called Brandy-gill. 

 It forms the south-east flank of the hill lying west of Brandy-gill, 

 the surface of this flank being strewed over with granite-blocks. 



From this hill it is well seen in the lower portion of the Brandy- 

 gill rivulet, where it occurs in the condition of a fine-grained granite, 

 much intersected with quartz -veins. 



On the east side of Brandy-gill the same fine-grained granite is 

 seen, forming the western spur of Carrock-fell, also much intersected 

 by quartz- veins. From this spur eastwards, the crest of Carrock is 

 flat, and covered with peat and vegetation, exhibiting very few traces 

 of rock; but when the east side of the north spur of Carrock is 

 reached, a very felspathic granite, approaching somewhat to porphyry, 

 makes its appearance, and this forms also the summit of Carrock- 

 fell. Although differing in its texture somewhat from the granite 

 seen in Brandy-gill, I have little doubt of its being a continuation 

 of the same mass, which, following the strike of the stratified 

 rocks, extends W.S.W. into the valley of the Caldew, and E.N.E. 

 through the northern half of Carrock-fell. On the south side of the 

 granitic area there is seen, forming the southern mass of Carrock, and 

 in close contact with the fine-grained granite of the western spur 

 of Carrock-fell, a rather singular felspathic rock, consisting of two 

 felspars, orthoclasc and labradorite, and having an aspect greatly 

 resembling that of a greenish-coloured syenite. This rock is not 

 however confined to Carrock, but occurs also among the Caldbeck- 

 fellsf. 



* The localities in the neighbourhood of Keswick winch afford fossils, viz. 

 Outerside, Barff, Skiddaw, Longside, and Mirehouse, were, I believe, first re- 

 cognized as fossiliferous by Mr. Joseph Graham, mineral-dealer, Keswick. 



t The quartz-veins of Carrock-fell are famous for the rare minerals which 

 they afford. Besides wolfram, which is found in considerable abundance, 

 they yield scheelite (tungstate of lime), apatite, telluric bismuth, molybdenum- 

 glance, and also, to the north-west of Carrock, in Caldbeck-fells, fine specimens 







