152 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [Dec. 17, 



account of his finding- Eeptilian remains supposed to be allied to the 

 Thecodontosaurus of the dolomitic conglomerate of the West of Eng- 

 land (formerly referred to the Permian group), and partly because of 

 the great aggregate thickness of the Carolina series (upwards of 6000 

 feet), and the probable unconformity between the lower and upper 

 portions. 



Table* showing the occurrence o/Estheria (E. ovata) in the Lower 

 Mesozoic Strata in North and South ^Carolina {from Orange to 

 Anson, 'on the Deep River). 



feet. 



ri g f I. Eed and mottled sandstones, shales, and marls. 



o g 



Esthetics and Cypridce; also a Fish- scale (in a 



* J J Coprolite), Saurian bones, and a Bird's bone. . . . 1000 



N H. Grey sandstone. Plants ; Saurian bones. . . . 300 to 500 

 G. Blue shale. Cycads and other Plants . . 1 ,^ 



F. Conglomerate, including beds of sandstone j 



3j 2 



There is probably an unconformity of the beds here. 



. o 



s a 



H o 



OC 



r E. Grey, thin -bedded sandstone, often rippled. Eucoids. 1200 



D. Bituminous shales (Estherios and Cypridce), with cal- 

 careous shale in their upper part, and comprising 

 coal-seams and iron-stones. Plants, Entomostraca, 

 Astarte (?), Mytilus (?), Eishes, Eeptiles, and 

 CmJ?^ Mammal (JDromatheriuni) 700 



C. Bituminous shale alternating with grey sandstone, 

 and passing downwards into red and brown sand- 

 stone (Coniferous Trees and Eucoids) . . 1000 to 3000 



B. Conglomerate . . . , 50 to 60 



A. Taconic slates. 



fccg 



3 a 



S « 

 <s .5 



6a 



The measured thickness of these strata is not necessarily a vertical 

 thickness, indicative of continued slow subsidence and vast lapse of 

 time. In Prof. H. D. Rogers's " Essay on the Geology of the United 

 States," in the last edition of A. Keith Johnston's ' Physical Atlas,' 

 are some pertinent remarks on the stratigraphical conditions of the 

 Mesozoic sandstones and shales under notice. Whatever may be the 

 thickness of the several strata, measured perpendicularly and added 

 together, yet, as these deposits have been formed in confined areas 

 and on sloping shores, it appears to me that Prof. Rogers's observa- 

 tions must satisfy any dynamic geologist that no great vertical dis- 

 placement of the area has been required for the accumulation of this 

 sedimentary mass in the shallow waters of the old sub -Appalachian 

 water-belts. 



The Eeptilian remains and Eishes are not of palaeozoic genera ; 

 and the Plants, according to Prof. O. Heer, are such as are Triassic 

 in Europe. The unconformity of the beds is no more than may be 

 seen between the Bunter and the Keuper in England : nor is the 

 estimated thickness of the whole of the series on the Deep Eiver 

 (North and South Carolina) very much greater than that of the New 



* Compiled from Dr. Emmons's ' American Geology,' part 6, 1857. 



