264 pitoeiiBDiXGS oe the geological society. [Feb. 4, 



more and more intermittent, until they were reduced to a few 

 rounded pedestals. At this point began the bone-bed, a layer of 

 matted bones, teeth, and coprolites, in all stages of decay ; some 

 perfectly sound, others too much decomposed to be handled (see 

 figs. 1 and 4). Its relation to the other members of the same sec- 

 tion is as follows : — Immediately upon the water-worn and acid- 

 worn conglomerate-floor was red earth (e, figs. 4 and 6), 2 feet in 

 thickness, and, as usual, containing few organic remains, but nu- 

 merous stones; upon this lay the bone-bed (6), from 3 to 4 inches 

 thick, with the junction -line rather irregular, and containing a few 

 stones in its lower part ; next came a layer of dark-red earth (a), from 

 3 to 4 inches thick, very loose and friable, and having upon the 

 surface a few rounded stalagmites, and a few stalactitic pillars ex- 

 tending through the interval of from 3 to 4 inches, which separated 

 it from the roof. 



The bone-bed extended _,. _ m 



horizontally across the pas- Fl ^' ^—Transverse Section across 



sage, with an average width the Passa 9 e B ' 



of 7 feet and a length of 

 14 feet, affording, therefore, 

 a square area of 98 feet. 

 The enormous quantity of 

 organic remains present can- 

 not be estimated even by the 

 large number we have pre- 

 served. The 243 bones, the 

 64 jaws, and 240 teeth ob- 

 tained from it are to be a - ^ark-red earth. e. Eed earth with 

 1 ! j ■> h. Bone-bed. stones, &c. 



looked upon merely as a x Undisturbed red earth, 



small fraction of the whole. 



3. The Passage C. — Having now exhausted the bone-bed, as we 

 worked onwards we found that the passage B bifurcated, the smaller 

 branch, C (see fig. 1), going onwards and gently upwards, the larger 

 branch, D, stretching at right angles from it, and having a gentle 

 dip of 6° to the south. In the former we met with a second bone-bed 

 (see figs. 1 and 4), which continued undiminished in thickness until it 

 rested upon the floor, and thinned out at a distance of 5 feet from 

 the bifurcation. At the entrance of C the section was identical 

 with that in B, the red earth (rather more clayey, and containing 

 more stones) resting upon the acid-worn and water- worn floor, and 

 supporting the bone-bed, immediately above which was a thin layer 

 of dark friable earth. This, at the further end, owing to the thin- 

 ning out of the beds underneath, was superimposed directly upon 

 the floor, until it likewise thinned out. The bone-bed extended 

 through the whole width of C, affording a square area of about 15 

 feet. Besides bones, it yielded 8 jaws of Hyama, and 46 teeth and 

 41 bones of various animals. The passage was but 15 or 16 inches 

 high, and about 3 feet in width ; it gradually narrowed until, at a 

 distance of 12 feet from the bifurcation, a stalactite, about 6 inches 



