GLACIAL WATERS IN BLACK AND MOHAWK VALLEYS 7 



The glacial lake history of the Mohawk valley must have been 

 contemporaneous with only the earlier glacial waters in central New 

 York, lakes Watkins and Newberry (see no. 19 of the bibliographic 

 list, Bulletin 127, and plates 34, 35), for the reason that the central 

 New York waters of later time found free eastward escape through 

 the Mohawk valley at the lowest levels. 



Doubtless there were readvances and reretreats of the ice fronts 

 and restorations of the lakes which we can not now recognize, but 

 finally the Ontarian ice permanently receded from the Oneida-Rome 

 district and Lake Iroquois was established with its long-continued 

 outlet at Rome to the Mohawk-Hudson. 



As the territory involved in this history has considerable north 

 and south distance it is necessary to recognize the deformation or 

 warping of the land which has taken place since the ice removal. 

 It is certain that in the Ontario district a northward lifting of two 

 or three feet per mile has occurred. In this paper the northward 

 uplift is counted as two feet per mile, in correlation of altitudes, 

 which corresponds to the figure used by Professor Woodworth for 

 the Hudson district. The east and west deformation is so small that 

 for the present it is neglected. 



To save repetition the terms col, notch and pass are used as 

 equivalents in this writing ; and when a pass was occupied by a river 

 it is termed outlet, channel, or escape. 



