118 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [Jan. 7> 



5. Upper Slate of Kendal and Kirkby Moor. — This group is di- 

 vided into three sub-groups, 5 a surmounted by 5 6, and 5 h termi- 

 nating in the ascending order with a red, grey and greenish flag- 

 stone (5 c), overlaid by conglomerate of the old red sandstone. 



(5 or.) — The lower subdivision is ill-defined, especially at its lower 

 extremity, because it forms a passage (both in its mineral structure 

 and its fossils) into No. 4. If we commence near the ridge (above 

 alluded to at Lindale), and cross the marshes to the great outlier of 

 Witherslack (mountain limestone) ; or if we cross from Underbar- 

 row by the turnpike-road to the great limestone outlier of Kendal 

 Fell ; or lastly, if we start from Bannisdale Foot from an ill-defined 

 base affected by the great troubles of the Lune, in each of these cases 

 we cross the several beds of the sub-group 5 a. 



The lower beds are affected by slaty cleavage, but among them 

 occurs the Terebratula navicula. The upper beds are less and 

 less slaty, and contain so many fossils of the well-defined upper 

 group between Kendal and Kirkby Lonsdale, that my friend Mr. 

 Salter could liardl}'^ make out any palseontological difference between 

 this group (5 a) and the upper (5 b). But considered in its details, 

 there is a difference. The upper part wants the hard micaceous 

 gray and greenish-gray sandstones with the species of large Avicula, 

 Cypricardia, &c. ; and it contains abundantly several fossils, such as 

 Asterias, Ophiura, &c., very rarely if ever found in the hills between 

 Kendal and Kirkby Lonsdale. 



The best illustration of this ill-defined sub-group is between Un- 

 derbarrow and Kendal Fell, and I hope hereafter to describe this 

 section in more detail (see ante fig. 9). It is enough for my present 

 purpose to mention the following facts. 



1. Commencing at Underbarrow among the faulted beds of the 

 valley, we have slate and flag, with a rude cleavage whose direction 

 is magnetic north. In this series is Terebratula navicula. This 

 species, counting from the beds north-east of Windermere Ferry, 

 must therefore have a very great vertical range. These beds ter- 

 minate in ascending order near a farm called High Thorns. 



2. A thin bed with Asterias (six or seven feet), above which the 

 Terebratula navicula is not found. [Here is the last appearance of 

 Turbinolopsis. ] 



3. Flags, sheer bate (i.e. without cleavage), some red calcareous 

 bands with very many fossils. Many Trilobites (one like Calymene 

 Blumenbachii.) 



4. Striated hard grits and sheer bate flags, with many fossils like 

 those under the great Avicula beds of Benson Knot, on the north 

 side of the Kent. 



The Asterias beds (No. 2 of this section) are found at Docker 

 Park, in the beds under Benson Knot, in the valley above Kendal 

 near Redman Tenement, and in the Sprint rivulet about a mile be- 

 low the Tenement. Here, therefore, we have a passage into the 

 upper and higher sub-group 5b. 



(5 b.) — Respecting this group there has been no difference of 

 opinion. It must be nearly on the parallel of the Upper Ludlow, and 



