1846.] VICKARY ON BELOOCHISTAN. 265 



at angles varying from 20° to 35° : the northern aspect of this range 

 is precipitous. 



Immediately north of this conglomerate there is a very narrow 

 valley abutting at the foot of the Trukkee nummulitic limestone 

 range ; this valley is broken by many small hills of a conical shape, 

 composed of calcined clays of various colours, containing sulphur 

 and scoria ; and these seem to have been volcanic vents emitting 

 gaseous vapours, and perhaps occasionally ejecting stones, but never 

 lava. No igneous rocks exist in the country visited, nor is any rock 

 older than the nummulitic limestone to be found. 



The Trukkee range, at the foot of which these appearances are 

 presented, is composed entirely of nummulitic limestone, and at- 

 tains an elevation of about 3000 feet above the sea. The strata 

 dip southwards towards the Deyrah Valley at angles varying from 

 45° to 60°, and they form a continuous mural barrier or a natural 

 fortification on a stupendous scale, through which there are many 

 passes formed by clefts in the manner noticed above. I traced this 

 range holding the same mural character for about seventy miles 

 from east to west; and I also noticed other ancient conical hills at 

 its base, about twenty miles east of Deyrah. Near the foot of the 

 same range, at Kissooker, there is a tepid spring. At the time I 

 noted its temperature the air was 70° and the spring 71° of Fahren- 

 heit. There are other tepid springs in these hills, one of which at 

 Doza Khooshtee bursts up through a fissure in the limestone; but I 

 did not note its temperature. From the appearance of the lime- 

 stone, which in many places at Doza Khooshtee is rapidly disinte- 

 grating, and from some calcined clays which I noticed, there is little 

 doubt that an old volcanic vent existed in that neighbourhood. 



The Deyrah Valley requires further notice, and appears to have 

 been formed by subsidence ; but however that may be, I am cer- 

 tain that the conglomerate at one time rested on the limestone, be- 

 cause there are still detached portions of it resting conformably on 

 the limestone. Thti opposite or southern side of the Deyrah Valley 

 exhibited the same evidence, although not so distinctly, and a beau- 

 tiful section of the limestone is seen in the pass or cleft through the 

 Trukkee Hill. The floor of the pass is on a level with the base of 

 the mountain, and the higher (outer) strata are full of fossils ; but 

 moving onwards through the pass and towards the north the lime- 

 stone becomes of a lighter colour, and further on obtains a slaty 

 stratification containing few fossils. From this point to the Murray 

 Hills there are numerous confused and broken hills, at a lower ele- 

 vation, which have undergone great disturbance, but I was unable 

 to inspect them closely. 



The iMurray Hills are composed of nummulitic limestone; they 

 present a precipitous escarpment to the southward, and tiie strati- 

 fication is nearly horizontal. The range is higher than any of those 

 between it and the Desert. 



No minerals of any account wore met with. Sulphur and alum 

 exist, but not in sufficient abundance to be of commercial value ; 

 but alum is worked further to the eastward, although not in the 

 district visited. Iron exists in small quantities ; iron pyrites abound 



