MINERAL RESOURCES OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK 5I 



high mark of 1,230,692,000 was reached, with 131 yards in operation. 

 The leading centers of the industry are Mechanicville, Albany, 

 Hudson, Catskill, Saugerties, Kingston, Roseton, Dutchess Junction, 

 New Windsor, Verplanck, Stony Point and Haverstraw. 



Hollow blocks and fireproofing are made from the Hudson River 

 clays at Troy. The weathered or yellow clay is employed with 

 a mixture of grog. No special difficulty is experienced in the molding 

 and burning of the wares, contrary to the opinion that seems to 

 be current that the clays can not be successfully handled except 

 by the prevailing methods of molding soft and burning in scove kilns 



Lake Champlain. The deposits are somewhat similar to those 

 in the Hudson valley. Terraces occur along the lake from White- 

 hall at the southern end to beyond the state line. They are of 

 variable width, narrowing southward where the Adirondack' 

 ridges rise steeply almost from the shore line. At the lower end 

 of the lake the deposits seem to be of marine character and were 

 laid down on the receding shores of the arm of the sea which invaded 

 the valley after the withdrawal of the glacial waters. At Westport 

 and Port Kent the section shows yellowish brown sand, brown clay 

 and stiff blue clay, the latter being calcareous. The beds have a 

 thickness of 15 feet. The clays are used for brick, most of which 

 have been made in the vicinity of Plattsburg. 



Interior of the State. In the Mohawk valley clay beds of limited 

 areal extent occur at intervals between Rome and Schenectady. 

 They range from 5 to 1 5 feet thick and are red, blue or gray in color. 

 They have been employed for common brick and hollow brick. 

 The largest output is made in the Deerfield yards near Utica. 



Clay beds underlie many of the valleys in the central and southern 

 parts of Onondaga county. Many of them possess a red color, 

 from admixture perhaps with the Vernon shales that reach across 

 the county in an east-west belt on a line with Syracuse. A stiff 

 red clay is found at the south end of the Onondaga valley. On 

 the east bank of the Seneca river, east of Bald wins ville, blue and 

 buff clays have been dug. The exposed thickness is from 15 to 

 25 feet. Stoneware clay has been obtained in years past at Belle 

 Isle, a few miles west of Syracuse. The range of products that 

 have been made from the local clays include common brick, paving 

 brick, hollow blocks, drain tile and earthenware. Porcelain electric 

 supplies and table china are made in the Syracuse potteries, but the 

 crude materials are obtained from other sources, mainly outside 

 of the State. 



Around Rochester clay is found over an area extending 7 miles 



