146 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



by ground waters. Moreover, the drift and soils of the region 

 contain much Hme in a comminuted and easily soluble condition. 



Marl occurs in the marshy tracts south of Onedia lake, particularly 

 in Cowaselon swamp which extends west from Canastota and is 

 reported to contain several thousand acres of marl, covered in most 

 places by peat. The deposit reaches a thickness of 30 feet. Many 

 of the swamps and lakes of Onondaga county are underlaid with 

 marl; this is very generally the case in Fabius, Tully, Camillus, 

 De Witt, Manlius, Elbridge and Van Buren townships. Onondaga 

 and Cross lakes have marl beds. Near Warners, west of Syracuse, 

 the Empire Portland Cement Co. formerly worked a deposit for 

 use in cement mixture; the marl bed averaged 6 to 7 feet thick and 

 had blue clay underneath, which was employed with it. The 

 American Portland Cement Co. also developed a marl deposit near 

 Jordan to the west of the former locality. Both plants have been 

 dismantled for some time. 



The Montezuma marshes, which occupy a large area in Ca5mga 

 and Seneca counties, north of Cayuga lake, are in part underlaid 

 with marl. A portland cement plant was established at Montezuma 

 on the basis of the marl which there has a thickness of 14 feet. 



In Wayne county the Cayuga marshes which cover a part of the 

 tDwn of Savannah contain a bed of shell marl 5-6 feet deep. Other 

 deposits are found near Newark and in Cooper's swamp, town of 

 Williamson. 



Steuben county has nimierous marl and tufa beds. HalP mentions 

 that they were employed for lime burning at Arkport and south 

 of Dansville. In the town of Wayland beds of marl 2 to 14 feet 

 thick formerly supported two portland cement plants, those of the 

 Thomas Millen Co. and the Wayland Portland Cement Co. 



In southern Monroe county a marl deposit occupies a part of 

 the town of Wheatland and extends south into Livingston county. 

 Tufa occurs at the top in many places and below is shell marl 3 to 4 

 feet thick. Another deposit occurs along Mill creek, underlying 

 the marshes, and at Mtimford it forms several beds. 



In Livingston county the larger deposits are around Caledonia, 

 just south of the Mrunford locality. The Iroquois Portland Cement 

 Co. built a large works near Caledonia to utilize marl, but the plant, 

 like all of those designed for the same purpose, was unable to compete 

 with the plants using hard limestone. The International Agricultural 

 Corporation produces agricultural marl from the deposit at this 

 place. 



There are many marl swamps in Genesee cotinty. An extensive. 

 ^ Geology Qi K^w York. Report on FQyjth, District,^ 1.843,5 p, 484. 



