254 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



for its size. In the fonner area are included quarries near Dun- 

 woodie which have supplied stone for many structures in Yonkers 

 and vicinity, at Hartsdale, Scarsdale and near Tarrytown. 



Granite is exposed over an area of many square miles at the 

 northern portals of th-e Hudson gorge composing the ridges known 

 as Storm King and Breakneck mountains. It has usually a foliated 

 appearance, but in the quarry shows a massive structure and is 

 undoubtedly of igneous derivation. It contains frequent streaks 

 and knots so that it is not well adapted for architectural purposes, 

 but is serviceable for foundation stone and for crushing purposes. 

 Quarries were formerly operated at the base of Storm King and 

 Breakneck mountains, but have been inoperative for several years. 

 A local intrusion of massive grey granite occurs between Manitou 

 and Garrison in Putnam county about one-fourth of a mile back 

 from the river. It has a fine grained and mediimi grey well-blended 

 color. The principal opening is known as King's quarry operated 

 at one time by the King Granite Company. The rock is illustrated 

 in some of the large structures in New York City and some of the 

 buildings of V/est Point. Outcrops of a dark gray granodiorite in 

 the towns of Mamaroneck, Rye and Harrison, Westchester county, 

 have yielded considerable quantities of stone for l3uilding and, engi- 

 neering work. It is a markedly gneissic rock consisting of white 

 feldspar with smoky quartz and large amounts of black mica arranged 

 in parallel bands. It has a rather sombre effect when seen in 

 buildings. The former quarry sites have mostly been abandoned 

 and built over, but the quarry of FaUlace Brothers at Mamaroneck 

 has been worked up to the last few years. Large quantities of stone 

 for building and foundation work have been obtained from various, 

 localities in the Fordham gneiss area, which spreads over an 

 extensive part of Westchester county. It is a banded light and 

 dark material of extremely variable composition and appearance. 

 The banding is due in part to injection by granite. Quarry sites 

 are to be found at Uniontown, Bryn Mawr, Lowerre and Fordham. 



On the west side of the Hudson river in Orange coimty granitic 

 rocks are sufficiently widespread to afford many quarry sites, but 

 the most important exposures, so far as building stone is concerned, 

 are in the southwestern part of the county near the New Jersey 

 state line. Pochuck mountain which lies partly in New York 

 and partly in New Jersey is made up in part of a coarse massive to 

 slightly foliated hornblende granite serviceable both for building 

 stone and for general engineering work. The Empire State Granite 



