276 NEW YORK STATE MUSEUM 



gray beds become less prominent as the strata are traced into Orleans 

 county which produces pink, variegated and red stone. There is 

 almost a continuous string of openings across this county following 

 the course of the Erie canal, with Medina, Eagle Harbor, Albion, 

 Hulberton and Holly as the principal shipping points. Some of the 

 largest operations in this section are the Orleans County Quarry 

 Co., M. A. Ryan, Reed, Allen & Reed, John I. Cleary, Albion; 

 Clark Bros. Quarry Co., Fancher; Moore & Waite, Vincent Stone 

 Co., Thomas Vincelli, Hulberton; Orleans Sandstone Co., HoUey. 

 Orleans county by itself accounts for more than one-half of the 

 production of sandstone, other than bluestone, reported for the 

 whole State. 



Shawangunk conglomerate. This includes a series of arenaceous 

 beds, conglomeratic at the base but with sandstone and shaly layers 

 above, of Silurian age, outcropping in Orange, Sullivan and Ulster 

 counties where it forms the prominence known as Shawangunk 

 mountain. The strata extend in a continuous belt from High Falls 

 near Kingston southwest into New Jersey at Port Jervis. They 

 form the steep northwest face of the mountain and their dip is 

 practically that of the surface slope that is to the northwest at 

 angles of 25° to 45°.^ They attain a maximum thickness of about 

 2.00 feet. 



The sandstones are gray, hard quartzites of firm texture. The 

 coarser layers have been extensively quarried for millstone. They 

 are employed locally for rubble and foundation work, and at Otisville 

 quarries have supplied large quantities of stone for ballast and 

 abutment work in improvements carried out by the Erie and the 

 Ontario and Western Railroads. A crushing plant at this place is 

 operated by Bull & Wilbur, Incorporated. 



Clinton sandstone. Sandstone is an important member of the 

 Clinton beds of eastern New York, although usually absent from 

 the western section. In Herkimer and Oneida counties it occurs 

 in successive layers that attain a thickness of 40 or 50 feet and 

 occasionally forms ledges that can be easily quarried. It is a 

 reddish brown to gray freestone, fairly hard and even grained, well 

 adapted for ordinary construction work. It has been employed 

 locally for architectural work of which examples are to be seen in 

 some of the Utica churches. No large quarry operations are carried 

 on at present. 



Devonian sandstones. The Devonian sandstones that yield 

 structural materials are mainly found in the upper portion of the 

 system, within the Hamilton, Portage, Chemung and Catskill for- 



