94 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [DeC. 5, 



quarry from which the remains hereafter mentioned were obtained 

 is situated on this spot, between Bradnor Farm and the Quarry 

 House. 



The lane which leads from Newton to Bradnor Hill in the direc- 

 tion of the quarry affords a good section of the beds which here 

 immediately underlie the tilestone. 



The lowest fossiliferous bed exposed in the lane is the equivalent 

 of the Ludlow bone-bed, here a soft liver-coloured layer, varying 

 from two to three inches in thickness, and containing, generally, Or- 

 tJioceras gregarium, O. politum (M^Coy), Goniophora cymbceformisy 

 Orthonota amygdalinay Orbicula rugata, Holopella, Chonetes lata, 

 Cornulites serpularius^ Cucullella antiqua, Modiolopsis Icevis, Ithyn- 

 chonella nucula, and Bellerophon carinatus, occasionally also the 

 spines of Leptocheles, Onchus tenuistriatus, the shagreen of Sphago- 

 duSi and small shining black pipes and fluted plates which resemble 

 figures 37 to 45, plate 4, of the " Silurian System," in illustration of 

 the contents of the Ludlow bone-bed, and may perhaps be referred to 

 Serpulites, 



Above this layer, before the tilestone is reached, layers of Ortho- 

 nota amygdalina and Trochus helicites, much flattened, occur. The 

 uppermost beds are thin shaly beds of tilestone, containing a Lingula 

 of a very small size (probably Lingula minima), grouped together in 

 masses, and occasional traces of Pterygotus, 



In the quarry the beds of stone dip to the east, at an angle of 1 5° ; 

 immediately under the surface-soil a few tilestones are obtained ; — 

 next three beds of a bluish- white stone* occur, about 12 feet in 

 thickness, used for wall-stone. These beds of stone are very hard 

 and close-grained, containing but little mica, except in the uppermost 

 layers, and are unfossiliferous. 



Between these upper beds and the underlying bed is a greyish 

 layer, varying from three to six inches in thickness, occasionally of a 

 blackish-grey colour, from the quantity of vegetable remains mixed 

 up with it, and containing on the western side of the quarry the re- 

 mains of Fish (Fteraspis) and of Fterygotus and other Crustaceans. 

 This layer, when dry, is tough, and the remains are with difficulty 

 removed from it ; but, when placed in water, it separates easily, where- 

 ever the remains occur, and, if left in water, soon decomposes into mud. 

 It appears to have been just such a muddy sediment, accompanied 

 with sea-weeds, as was suited to Crustaceans. The organic remains in 

 this layer retain their dermal covering, which is often glossy and in a 

 more perfect state than in the underlying beds of Downton sandstone. 

 Small round rusty nodules, sometimes irregular, occur in this layer 

 in abundance, but no Molltcscaf. 



* Neither these, nor the blue portion of the Downton beds hereafter noticed, 

 effervesce with sulphuric acid. 



f The nodules appear to be due to vegetable remains. This layer is probably 

 the same as the layer containing remains of carbonized vegetables at the bottom of 

 the Old Red Sandstone of Clun Forest, in the sandy beds above the tilestone at 

 Hagley Park and in the railway-cutting near Flaxley, noticed by Sir R. I. Murchi- 

 son, " Siluria," pp. 139, 140, 237, 245. 



