1856.] OWEN RED CRAG MAMMALS. 223 



usual mineralized state of its characteristic fossils. Of these I 

 have figured the last upper molar tooth of the left side, fig. 10, 

 from the Red Crag at Sutton. It differs from the corresponding 

 tooth in the Sus scro/a by the shorter antero-posterior diameter 

 as compared with the transverse diameter of the crown, the latter 

 dimension at the fore part of the tooth being the same as in the 

 corresponding tooth of an ordinary wild boar ; but the crown of 

 the fossil tooth wants one-fifth of the length of the grinding surface 

 in the corresponding tooth of the recent species (Sus scro/a). Prof. 

 Kaup has described (p. 11) and figured (tab. 9. fig. 3, op. cit.) an 

 almost precisely corresponding tooth to that represented in fig. 9 ; 

 and, for the species of Hog represented by portions of jaws with 

 similar teeth he proposes the name of Sus palcEOchcerus ; founding 

 the specific difference chiefly on the same differences in the proportions 

 of the molar teeth which are illustrated by the crag-fossil under con- 

 sideration. To those who will compare the figure of this fossil, fig. 9, 

 with the figure above cited ^om Kaup's excellent work, there need 

 not be more said in favour of referring the crag-tooth to the same 

 extinct species of Hog {Sus palceochoerus) from the mioceue forma- 

 tion near Eppelsheim. 



Fig. 1 1 represents a portion of the crown of a molar of apparently 

 a larger species of SuSy from the Red Crag at Ramsholt, Suffolk ; it 

 probably belongs to the same species as the Sus antiquuSy Kaup, 

 founded on fossils from the miocene sands at Eppelsheim. 



Genus Equus. 



Molar teeth, from both upper and lower jaws, of a large species of 

 Equus, occur in the Red Crag, and in the usual condition of the 

 fossils of that formation. The disposition of the enamel on the 

 grinding surface of one of these molars from the upper jaw, fig. 12, b, 

 resembles that of the tooth from the Oreston cavern, referred to 

 the species called Equus plicidens in the ' Brit. Foss. Mamm.' p. 393, 

 fig. 153. It is of large size, and presents the heavy, mineralized, 

 deeply stained characters of the true Red-crag fossils. 



Similarly fossilized teeth of a smaller species of Equus, probably 

 of the subgenus Hippainon, have likewise come under my notice from 

 the Red-crag of Suffolk. 



Genus Mastodon. 



The specimens of teeth and portions of teeth of Mastodon, from 

 the crag-pits of Suffolk, are not distinguishable specifically from those 

 referred to the Mastodon angustidens {Mastodon longirostris, Kaup) 

 from the fluvio-marine crag of Norfolk, in my 'History of British 

 Fossil Mammals,' pp. 2/6-284. In the Ipsmch Museum there is a 

 considerable proportion of the crown of a molar corresponding with 

 the fourth of the upper jaw in Kaup's Mastodon longirostris ; also 

 a well-preserved atlas vertebra of, apparently, the same species of 

 Mastodon. 



