THE MINING AND QUARRY INDUSTRY IQI2Z SE 
Outside the rather limited area that includes the above named 
localities, the only occurrence of garnet that has recently attracted 
attention as a basis of mining operations is in northern Essex 
county, a few miles south of Keeseville. The deposits lie on 
Mt Bigelow, near the border but within the area of anorthosite — 
the basic igneous rock that forms the central part of the Adiron- 
dacks. They consist of bands, lenses and irregular bunches of 
granular or seemingly massive garnet which is fairly pure, except 
for inclusions of green pyroxene. They are inclosed directly within 
the anorthosite. Some of the bands or lenses as seen on the surface 
are 40 feet across, nearly solid garnet. They are worked in a 
rather small way by the American Garnet Co. of New York. A 
similar deposit is reported from the vicinity of Mt Pokamoonshine, 
southwest of Mt Bigelow. 
The production of garnet by the different mines in the Adiron- 
dack region amounted last year to 4112 short tons valued at 
$117,325, as compared with 4285 short tons valued at $121,759 in 
1git. These-totals represent practically the extent of the industry 
in this country. Import§ of abrasive garnet were reported by the 
collectors of customs at Boston and New Orleans, at which ports 
548 tons valued at $9271 were received in the calendar year. The 
imports for 1911 were 693 short tons, with an invoice value of 
$10,526. With the exception of a small shipment of 1200 pounds 
from Nova Scotia, probably originating in Newfoundland, the 
garnet was all imported from Spain. 
GRAPHITE 
The graphite mines in the Adirondacks last year contributed 
about the usual product of refined crystalline graphite, but there 
were fewer developments than for some time. The output was 
2,628,000 pounds and represented a value of $142,665. The total 
for I9II was 2,510,000 pounds with a yalue of $137,750. There 
was little change in prices, the average having been 5.4 cents a 
pound, against 5.5 cents in IQII. 
The American mine at Graphite, owned by the Joseph Dixon 
Crucible Co., continued as the main producer. This mine has had 
an enviable record, and is still the most successful of its kind 
in the State or in this country; it has been the pioneer in all that 
relates to the technology of treating the disseminated flake graphite 
which constitutes the principal source of the domestic production. 
The Empire Graphite Co., with mines and mill in the town of 
