4 The Oceanic Languages Shemitic : 



Fotuna (Maori-Hawaiian) akitea or aJdta, is Jd (for ku), I, 

 and ta, Thou. Malagasy kia (in isikia) is for {kiha) kika ki 

 1, as in Malay, and ka Thou ; and it is to be compared with 

 Bauro (Papuan) gia. 



This syntactical combination, which we shall call by the 

 usual name of the Inclusive, is found much disguised and 

 corrupted in various dialects, and either of its component 

 elements (I or Thou) may be found in a particular dialect 

 alone, representing the whole. In Fatese the second 

 number (Thou) is used alone, but only as the verbal pro- 

 noun; and this gives us^ as will be seen, a form of the 

 pronoun of the second person in the three numbers — 

 singular, dual, and plural 



10. The Dual. 



The dual ending is a. It is found in Fatese, not in the 

 separate, but only in the verbal pronoun, thus — 

 Third plural (South dialect) ru, They 

 Third dual ra, They two 



And so exactly (see § 9). 



Inclusive plural tu 



Inclusive dual ta 



The Samoan dual is — 

 Third dual la 



Inclusive dual ta, as the Fatese 

 First dual ma, wanting in Fatese 



The a is a true dual inflection or ending in these Fatese 

 verbal pronouns : the a of the Fatese and Malagasy numeral 

 rua, Samoan lua, Malay dua, Tongan ua, 2, is this same a. 



Most of the Oceanic dialects have this dual ending only as 

 found in this numeral. 



11. Hitherto we have been occupied with the inflexional 

 endings of the Oceanic pronoun, whose original or simple 

 form we have also seen. It is seldom, however, we find the 

 pronoun in its simple form. Thus the pronoun of the first 

 person ku is found in Malay as aku, Malagasy as aho and 

 izaho, in Samoan as a'u, and in Fate as au and a. The 

 most common and influential demonstrative found attached 

 to ku is n (as ana, in, na, ni, &c.) — thus Fate na%L (for 

 naku), verbal sufiix ki nau, separate pronoun; verbal 

 pronoun a (for aku), nominal suffix gu (for ku, Malay ku, 

 Malagasy ko). In one dialect of Fatese the verbal pronoun 

 is ni (for naku), and the nominal suffix ga (for ku). Com- 

 pare the Papuan generally in Gabelentz. Thus we see that 



