The Personal Pronouns. 7 



qatalta, the final ta, They two (fern.), has it attached to the 

 (feminine) demonstrative t. 



The Samoan has retained in ma, We two, the dual of the 

 first person also. 



16. The Arabic separate pronoun has the dual thus — 



Third person hum, plural ; huma, dual 

 Second person antuTn, plural ; antuma, dual 



In the Mallicollan dialect in Gabelentz the dual inclusive 

 is drivan, having the same meaning and use as the Fatese 

 ta ; the Mallicollo dr is the Fatese t representing the pro- 

 noun of the second person, as already shown. Therefore van 

 z=z two = dual ending ; "van fiir zwei scheint aus dem zahl- 

 wort ua abgeleitel," says Gabelentz, nearly hitting the exact 

 truth. Now, as we compared Fatese ta with Arabic ta-a, in 

 taqtulaa, so we must compare Mallicollan drivan (tivan) 

 with Arabic iuma, Ye two, in qataltuma {m and v inter- 

 changed). Thus drivan is to be compared also with the 

 well-known Maori-Hawaiian taua, just as Fate ta with 

 Samoan ta. If this is correct, then ua, the numeral 2, in 

 Mallicollan and Tongan, is to be compared with the Arabic 

 huma or homa, They two : Fate rua, 2, is this ua with de- 

 monstrative r prefixed (as in the verbal pronoun ra, They 

 two, and so Malagasy rua, Samoan lua, Malay dua). That 

 this is, in fact, the true origin of the Oceanic numeral 2 is, I 

 think, certain : further discussion of that particular point 

 will come properly under the Numerals. But it may be said 

 here that just as we find -va- for ua in this Mallicollan pro- 

 noun, so in the Tagala numeral 2, as given by Forster, it is 

 va, for he gives it as " dalava or dalova" (compare Ceram 

 darua). It goes without saying that ua is from va, not va 

 from ua, and that va is the older form. The word ua is 

 pronounced in Oceanic, and might have been written, as it 

 sometimes is, iva. The change of m to v, w, and u is one 

 very common in Shemitic, and especially in Oceanic. 



17. The separate pronoun, the verbal pronoun, the verbal 

 suffix and nominal suffix are all used in Shemitic exactly 

 as in Oceanic. But the verbal pronoun in Oceanic has only 

 one form for all tenses, and is n'ever divided, as in the 

 Shemitic imperfect. The essential thing is that it is a short 

 representative of the separate pronoun, having the same 

 component elements, and denoting in the same way the 

 person and number of the verb (without which it cannot be 

 used); as in the ancient Shemitic. 



