30 The Oceanic Languages Shemitic : 



10, the whole or sum of the digits. Of course, it might, if so 

 used, mean any sum ; and for examples of its denoting other 

 sums, namely, 100 and 10,000, see § 15. This word puluh, 

 palo, is in Arabic hulugh or hulu, " perfectio/' balugh 

 or halu\ '' summa (idiom, vulg.)," Qnahelagh, or onahlcc, 

 "summa quae oritur ex addendio numeris vel multipli- 

 candis," the verb being hala\ " pervenit, contigit terminum 

 propositum .... consummatus fuit, pervenit ad finem" 

 (Freytag) ; that is, the Arabic word means the consummation 

 or completion or the whole or the sum obtained by adding 

 or multiplying, and might therefore denote any sum, 

 see § 15. 



5. In like manner the word uma, " all," in Samoan, is in 

 Hawaiian, as umi, 10. The word onanu in Fatese a multitude, 

 or 1000, Samoan a " myriad," or 10,000, in Guham, as manud, 

 is 10. The word nlu in Tongan and Malay " head/' is in 

 Tongan also 10. In Duauru 10 is dekau, of which Gabelentz 

 says that it "ist das polynes tekau (zehn Paar"). The fact 

 is, howxver, that te (de) is the article, and /v(Xi6 means "multi- 

 tude " or " a mass." Hence in Fatese with article m, in one 

 dialect, as umkau, it means ^'aJl," " the whole," in another, as 

 makau, " a bunch or cluster" (of fruity as nuts). In Tongan 

 it is a sign of the plural number. In Samoan as ' au, it is 

 " a bunch, a troop, a gang, a shoal." In Tongan tekau is " a 

 score," or 20, while in Maori, as in Duauru_, it is 10. 



6. In some Oceanic dialects 10 is expressed by "two-fives," 

 or " two-of-five," as Fate ruelima (rua, 2, lima, 5), Lifu 

 luepi (lua, 2, ipi, 5) Paama ha lua lim. Aneiteum nikman 

 ero is " his two hands." Tanna karilum karilum is literally 

 (kari for kadi) " one-five one-five," or " five five." 



Notwithstanding, the Fatese numeral system is as tho- 

 roughly decimal as the Malay or even the English. 



§ 15. The Numerals 100, 1000, fcc. 



The word in Malay sapuluh, in Moor toverah, 10, is in 

 Fate tifili, 100, in one dialect, 10,000 in another. With this 

 compare Danakil and Shiho bol, 100. Malay rihu, Java 

 ewu, Santo riwun, Malagasy arivo (compare Malagasy 

 arivoarivo, "innumerable"), 1000, is evidently like the 

 Fatese and Tongan manu, or mano, 1000, Samoan 10,000, 

 originally a multitude, large number, or "myriad." Com- 

 pare Hebrew riho, Syriac rehu, "a myriad." Samoan and 

 Tongan afe, 1000, is to be compared with Hebrew alef, 



