The Numerals. 31 



Arabic alf, Ehkili of, 1000. This word in Ethiopic is 

 10,000. It originally denoted a multitude or large num- 

 ber. 



§16. The Malay and Fatese ordinals are formed by pre- 

 fixing to the cardinals the article ka, as ha lima, Malay and 

 Fatese, "fifth"; Amharic and Eromangan effect the same 

 by suffixing the demonstrative ng, as Amh. andanga, Ero. 

 saiungi, " first," Amh. sostanga, Ero. deselungi, " third." 

 The expressions "once," "twice," "thrice," or "a. third 

 time," &c., are formed in many Oceanic dialects by prefixing 

 to the numerals ha, or va, or haka or vaka, as Api fatal, 

 valua, varelu, vaveri, &c., Paama varais, valua, vatolu, 

 vahati, valima, fcc, Mallicollo faksoka, fakaru, fakatir, 

 fakahit, fakarim, &c., Fiji vakadua, vakarua, vakatolu, 

 &c., Fate bakatolu, or fakatolu, &c., Samoan faatohv, &;c. 

 In Malagasy as faha (for faka) we have it in faharoa, 

 fahatelo, &c., for the ordinal 2nd, 3rd, &c. Now leaving 

 out the ka (to be explained in another paper), we have ha, 

 or va (sometimes used without the ka), which is found 

 similarly used in Ethiopic as PI, ha, thus in the Gospel by 

 Luke, xxiii. 22, for Greek rptrov, there is in the Ethiopic Ver- 

 sion hasales, in the Fiji Version vakatolu (cf Api vatolu). 

 In the Tigre Version it is ahesalesai, the initial ahe being 

 for the Ethiopic ha. The identity of the Ethiopic (sales) 

 and Oceanic word {selu, tolu) for 3 has been shown above, 

 § 8 ; and it is certain that this prefixed ha, Tigre ahe, Fiji, &c., 

 va, ha, are the same particle of the same origin, though the 

 full proof must be reserved till the Prepositions come to be 

 discussed. In the meantime it may be pointed out that this 

 implies, what will be fully shown in the proper place, that 

 one of the most essential particles of the Shemitic lan- 

 guages, the much and variously used preposition H, ZJ-, ^-r^, 

 &c., (6, v) ; and one of the most essential of the Oceanic 

 particles ha or the ha in haka, used not only with the nume- 

 rals as above, but in other ways, and particularly in forming 

 the so-called causative (Fiji vaka, Fate haka and faka, 

 Mahaga va, Duauru ve, Lif u a, Samoan faa, Aneiteum i7)ii, 

 Eromangan aonpi, Malagasy ampi or Qnpi, &c., &c.), are 

 identical as of the same origin. 



§ 17. As to the origin of the Shemitic numerals, it may 

 be added to what has been already said that shenaim and 

 kelee mean 2, only because of the dual ending attached (a) 

 to them, and that as this dual ending was used in the 

 Shemitic languages attacJied to huma, " they-two," at least 



