in South-Western Victoria. 281 



mass at its top. Being very dense and compact, it has been 

 able to resist the degrading action of the waves longer than 

 the more friable material on each side, from which it now 

 stands out like a projecting wall. 



Sketch Section of Cliff at Cape Bridgewater. 

 a, Dune limestone ; b, basalt ; c, volcanic ash ; d, lava dyke. 



On the western side of the cape no ash is visible, the 

 basalt reaching down to the water's edge. The same is the 

 case at its southern extremity, and the centre of volcanic 

 activity must thus have been somewhere on its eastern 

 side. 



It should be mentioned that at the top of all the cliffs 

 there is the usual deposit of dune limestone, but only up to 

 a height of about 250 feet, that portion of the promontory 

 which still rises by a gradual slope some 200 feet higher, 

 showing no trace of it, the basaltic rocks cropping out 

 instead on the surface. The volcanic mound, therefore, of 

 which Cape Bridgewater is a remnant, was probably formed 

 near the shore, its summit first appearing above the 

 surrounding waves, while the sheets of lava which issued 

 from it were spread out on the sea bottom, their present 

 elevated position being due, of course, to a subsequent steady 

 upheaval of the southern coast ; as the rocks slowly emerged 



