48, LICHENES OF THE NORTHERN STATES 



Sterile, sandy earth ; pine woods. North America, Floerke ! Com- 

 mon in New England, and fertile. Pennsylvania, Muhl. Arctic 

 America, Hook. Lobes black-fibrillose at the margins, beneath, in the 

 European Lichen, but naked in ' warm, dry places,' according to 

 Floerke, and in sterile soils, according to Fries. I have never found 

 fibrillose specimens of our plant. 



2. C. turgida, HoffVn. Th. foliaceous, erectish, laciniate, glaucous, 

 branching into fruticulose, ramose, glabrous podetia, of the same color ; 

 the scyphiferous ones turgid, obconico-cylindrical ; spurious scyphi im- 

 marginate, dentate-radiate ; apolh. carneo-rufescent. jF?-. Lic/ienogr. 



p. 214:. Floerk. ! Clad. p.Wb. Cenomyce parecha, Ach. ' 'J-^ ,- 2 0/ 



Sterile, moist earth, in mountainous districts, fertile ; New England. 

 Pennsylvania, Muhl. Arctic America, Rich. 



3. C. Papillaria, Hoffm. Th. crustaceous, papillose-granulate, per- 

 sistent ; podetia ventricose-cylindrical, gibbous, glabrous, simple or 

 much branched, glaucous ; the branches fastigiate, undivided at the 

 apices, obtuse ; apoth. at length convex, rufous. Fr. Lichejwgr. p. 245. 

 Floerk. ! Clad. p. 5. Icon, Laur. in Sturni's Fl. t. 22. Pycnothelia, 

 Hook. Br. Fl. Tuckerm. Lich. N. E. I. c. 



Sterile earth in alpine and subalpine districts. White Mountains; fer- 

 tile. The abnormal state with very short, vesicular, podetia, tipped 

 with rufous-fuscous, abortive apothecia, is most common. 



Series 2. Fus c e s c eni e s, Fr. Podetia greenish-fuscous (and 

 cinerascent). Apothecia fuscous. 



* Scyphiferce, Fr. Podetia passing into a terminal scyphus, closed 

 with a diaphragm. 



4. C. ccBspiiicia, Floerk. Thallus coespilose, of pale-green, laciniate 

 squamules ; podetia very short, glabrous, dilated above (and wanting) ; 

 apoth. fuscous. Floerk. ! Clad. p. 8. Cenomyce, Ach. Syn. p. 247. . 



Trunks of trees and rocks, fertile ; New England. New York, Hal- 

 sey. (Cf. Fr. Lichenogr. p. 218.) 



5. C. pyxidata, Fr. Th. squamulose ; podetia cartilagineous-corti- 

 cate, at length verrucose, or furfuraceous, green-cinerascent ; the 

 scyphiferous ones turbinate ; scyphi cyathiform, dilated ; apoth. fus- 

 cous. Fr. Lichenogr. p. 216. Cenomyce, Ach. ! Syn. p. 252. — ^. Po- 

 cillum, Ach. ; th. of large, thickened lobules ; podetia dilated sensibly 



