AND BRITISH AMERICA. 17 



14. C. Oakesiana, Tuckerm. Th. subcoriaceous, foliaceous, de- 

 pressed, linear-laciniate, from green becoming yellow ; fuscous on the 

 under side, with scattered coarse fuscous fibres ; laciniae plane, with 

 elevated, black-ciliate (or more commonly pulverulent) margins ; apoth. 

 marginal, elevated, rufous-fuscous, somewhat entire. Tuckerm. Lich, 

 N. E. in Bost. Jour. Nat. Hist. 1841, p. 445. 



Trees and rocks in mountain forests, New England ; fertile. 



15. C. viridis, Schwein. Th. membranaceous, foliaceous, round- 

 lobed, lacunose-reticulate, glaucous-green ; pale yellow on the under 

 side ; margins waved, black-denticulate ; apoth. chestnut-brown, with 

 an infle.xed, lobate-dentate margin. Schwein. in Hals. Lich. N. Y. I. c. 

 p. 16. 



Cedars, Massachusetts. New York, Halsey. Certainly very near the 

 next ; and the Massachusetts Lichen here referred to it is perhaps noth- 

 ing but a state of C. juniperina, (5. 



16. C. juniperina, Ach. Th. membranaceous, foliaceous, ascen- 

 dant, sublacunose, lacerate-laciniate, bright yellow ; on the under side 

 subreticulate, of the same color; laciniae concave, crisped, black-den- 

 ticulate ; apoth. adnate to the lobes in front, disk fuscous, margin cren- 

 ulate. Fr. Lichenogr. p. 40. C. juniperina, Ach. Syn. p. 226, & C. 

 Tilesii, Ach. J Syn. p. 228. — /S. virescens, Tuckerm. ; glaucous-green 

 becoming pale yellowish, pale beneath. 



On trees, and on the earth, Arctic America, Rich., Hook. ! — /?, 

 cedars and other trees, and rails, on the coast of Massachusetts, Rus- 

 sell ! and southward to New York, Torrey, and Pennsylvania, Muhl. 

 Our jS can be compared only with the low-country Lichen of the North 

 of Europe, from which it appears to differ as described. The alpine 

 European forms, and our own arctic ones, recede variously from this 

 type. 



17. C. pinastri, Sommerf Th. membranaceous, foliaceous, de- 

 pressed, round-lobed, greenish-yellow ; laciniae plane, not denticulate 

 (with crisped and powdery margins in the sterile plant) ; ' apoth. mar- 

 ginal, disk yellowish-brown, margin obtuse.' Fr. Lichenogr. p. 40. C. 

 juniperina, ^. pinastri, Ach. Tuckerm. Lich. N. E. I. c. 



Subalpine shrubs and rocks ; also trees in mountain woods and 

 swamps, infertile ; New England. Northward to Arctic America, 

 Rich. 



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