8 LICHENES OF THE NORTHERN STATES 



1. U. barbala, Fr. Thallus terete, irregularly branched, at length 

 annulate-cracked, glaucous ; apothecia almost immarginate, radiate 

 disk pale. Fr. LicMnogr. p. 18. — ajlorida. Fr. ; very much branched 

 somewhat scabrous ; apoth. large. TJ. Jlorida, Ach. — ,5. strigosa, Ach. 

 rather small, very thickly fibrillose-strigose. Ach. Syn. p. 305. — y. ru 

 biginea, Michx. ; lax, scabrous, more or less rusty -red. U. Jlorida,var. 

 rubiginea, Michx. Fl. 2, p. 332. — d. hirla, Fr. ; very much branched 

 dwarfish, the fibrillse somewhat elongated, oftener verrucose-pulveru 

 lent. U. hirta, Hoffm. — f . plicata, Fr. ; pendulous, elongated, subdi 

 chotomous, entangled, las, smoothish, pale. V. plicaia, Ach. — J. dw 

 sypoga, Fr. ; pendulous, elongated, branches somewhat simple, lateral 

 fibres spreading. U. barbata, Hoffm. Lichen barbatus, L. 



Very common ; a, /S, e, and J mostly on trees, the last two less fre- 

 quently fertile ; S on rails, sterile ; New England. New York, Tor- 

 rey. Pennsylvania, Muhl. Northward to Arctic America, Richardson 

 (Franklin's Narrative, App.). 



2. U. longissima, Ach. Th. pendulous, filamentous, terete-com- 

 pressed, somewhat rugulose, smoothish, nearly simple, pale glaucous, 

 with appro.ximate, horizontal, at length tortuous fibres. Ach. Syn. p. 

 307. 



Firs and other trees on the sides, and in swamps at the base, of the 

 high mountains of New England, and northward, occurring 5 feet long. 

 Infertile, as is also the case with the European Lichen on which the 

 species was founded. It seems, like the last species, to be very widely 

 diffused ; and I have, or have seen, specimens probably belonging to it, 

 from Europe, Asia, Africa, and New Holland. A single Cape of Good 

 Hope specimen, in my possession, is fertile, and has quite concave, ra- 

 diate apothecia, with somewhat elevated, obtuse margins. The earliest 

 specimen that I have seen is an infertile one in the Berlin herbarium, 

 collected in Cappadocia by Tournefort. 



3 U. angulata, Ach. Th. pendulous, flexuous, angular, nearly sim- 

 ple, pale cinerascent ; angles acute, scabrous ; fibres horizontal, approx- 

 imate, simple, short, terete-attenuate. Ach. Syn. p. 307. Halsey, Sy- 

 nopt. Vieiv, in A7ui. N. Y. Lye. 1, p. 21. 



Trees, Pennsylvania, Muhl. ! Ach. New York, Torrcy. Massachu- 

 setts, occurring 4 feet long, Halsey. Spruce swamps, Chelmsford, 

 Russell ! 



4. U. trichodea, Ach. Th. pendulous (prostrate), very delicate 



