O LICHENES OF THE NORTHERN STATES 



12. STEREOCAnLON. Apothecia cephaloid ; podetia mostly solid. 



13. Cladonia. Apothecia inflated ; podetia fistulous. 



14. B^OMYCEs. Apothecia capitate, globose, immarginate, velate. 



15. BiATORA. Apothecia disciform, solid, with a \va.xy (originally 



paler) exciple. ,^-r<i. ._ 



16. Lecidea. Apothecia disciform, solid, with a carbonaceous, black 



proper exciple. 



Tribe III. GRAPHIDACEjG, Fr. — Apothecia of various form, 

 an altered thalline carbonaceous proper exciple, or an originally 

 proper exciple margining a gyrose and proliferous-papillate, or 

 canaliculate disk. 



17. Umbilicakia. Apothecia orbiculate or lirellagform ; thallus folia- 



ceous. 



18. Opegkapha. Apothecia lirellseform ; thallus crustaceous. 



19. Lecanactis. Apothecia irregular, at first open, with a pruinose 



thalline veil. 



Tribe IV. CALICIACEjE, Fr. — Apothecia orbiculate or globose, 

 always open, margined by a proper exciple, the disk collaps- 

 ing into naked sporidia ; or immarginate, and the sporidia ca- 

 pituliform-compact. 



20. Trachylia. Apothecia sessile, innate ; disk ascigerous. 



21. Calicium. Apothecia crateriform, marginate. 



22. CoNiocYBE. Apothecia stipitate, immarginate. 



Div. II. ANGIOCARPI, Schrader, Fries. 



Apothecia closed, nucleiferous, pertuse and with an ostiole, or irreg- 

 ularly dehiscent ; the nucleus included, subglobose, ascigerous. 



Tribe I. SPH^ROPHORACE^, Fr. — Apothecia formed of the 

 intumescent apices of the thallus, closed, at length irregularly 

 lacerate-dehiscent. Nucleus subglobose. Thallus vertical, fru- 

 ticulose. 



23. SPH.ER0PH0R0N. Apothecla terminal, spherical ; nucleus black. 



Tribe II. ENDOCARPACE^, Fr. —Apothecia immersed in the 

 thallus, globose, the thalline exciple attenuated into a neck, and 

 terminated by a discrete heterogeneous papillceform ostiole. 

 Nucleus deliquescent. Thallus horizontal, foliaceous or crus- 

 taceous. 



