88 LICHENES OF THE NORTHERN STATES. 



white-hoary ; perith. hemispherical, dimidiate (not immersed at the 

 base), persistent ; nucleus whitish. Fr. Lichenogr. p. 444. 

 Trunks. New England. New York, Halsey. 



8. V. epidermidis, Fr. Cr. innate in the matrix or obsolete ; perith. 

 dimidiate, the base patent, innate-superficial, at length collapsing, and, 

 together with the nucleus, applanate-depressed. Fr. Lichenogr. p. 447. 

 — « ; perith. larger, orbiculate. Fr. I. c. V. analepta, Ach. — ^ ; pe- 

 rith. larger, elliptical. Fr. I. c. V. Cerasi ^ epidermidis, Ach. — 

 y; perith. small, punctiform (with the habit of the next species). Fr. 

 I. c. V. sligmatella, Ach. part. 



Trunks, mostly on smooth bark ; New England, and westward. 

 New York (« and ^), Halsey. Arctic America, Rich. 



9. V. punctiformis, Pers. Cr. innate in the matrix or obsolete ; pe- 

 rith. innate-superficial, semiglobose, subdimidiate, the base infle.xed ; 

 nucleus globose. Fr. Lichenogr. p. 447. V. sligmatella, Ach. pari. 



Trunks on smooth bark ; New England. New York, Torrey. Penn- 

 sylvania, Muhl. Arctic America, Rich. 



10. V. pulla, Ach. Cr. smoothish, blackish-fuscous ; perith. minute, 

 hemispherical, glabrous, subpapiUate, black within. Ach. Syn. p. 83. 



Bark of Dirca palustris, Ach., who compares it with V. carpinea, 

 which is referred to the last species by Fries. 



Tribe IV. LIMBORIACEiE, Fr. 



XXIX. PYRENOTHEA, Fr. 



Perithecia round, carbonaceous, closed, pertuse at length with a sim- 

 ple ostiole, and protruding the somewhat gelatinous, bursting nucleus, 

 finally dehiscent, explanate, and empty. (A disciferous state occurs in 

 a single species.) Thallus crustaceous. 



P. leucocephala, Fr. Crust smooth, glaucescent ; perithecia subglo- 

 bose, naked, black, coronate with the white, persistent, globuliform nu- 

 cleus. Fr. Lichenogr. p. 450. — ^. Lecidina, Fr. ; crust somewhat 

 leprous ; disk dilated-scutelliform, rigescent, covered for the most part 

 with a dense pale-yellowish-cinereous bloom. Fr. I. c. Lecidea able- 

 Una, Ach. 



Trunks (/?), Arctic America, Rich. 



