AND TUEIR TRANSFORMATIONS. 77 



Tlie two following species are distinguished from the other small Cerurje by their larger size, and by havino- 

 the bifurcation of the postcostal vein of the hind wings of considerable length. 



SPKCIES G.—CERURA BIFIDA. Plate XV., Fig. 8, 9. 



SvNONVMiss. — Bombtjj: bifida, Hiibncr ; Stc|)lifiis, Illustr. pi. 15, fig. 2; Wood, Ind. Eiit. pi. 5, fig. 20. 

 liombyx furctila. Vixen. Vera.; Esper. 



This species is about l-l inch in the expanse of the fore wings, which have a broad ashy bar speckled with 

 orange and margined with black, the outer margin being more indistinct and irregular ; the middle of the wing 

 is marked with various dots, streaks, and wavy lines, the hind one proceeding from the extremity of the ashy 

 subapical costal patch. Tlio thorax is grey, striped with black and orange. The hind wings have a broad 

 brownish submarginal fascia. 



The caterpillar is green, marked on the back of the neck with a red-brown or violet-coloured patch, edged 

 with white, and there is a similar coloured larger patch on the back, behind the conical protuberance. It feeds on 

 various kinds of poplar, from June to the end of September. 



The species is rare, but occasionally occurs near London. 



SPECIES 7.— CERURA FUSCINULA? Plate XV., Fig. 10. 



Synonvmfs. — Bombi/T fusciiiula, HUlmer ; Steplii-iislU. jil. 15, fig. I Cerura forfieula, Fischer (teste Boisduval). 

 I, Wood. Ind. Ent. pi. 5, fig. 19. | Cerura bifida, var. Ocliseiiheimer. 



The English specimens attributed to this species differ from the last in being generally rather less than 1^ 

 inches in the expanse of the fore wings, which hav(r a narrow, ashy bar, speckled with orange, margined with 

 black at the hasp, and likewise on the outer edge (which is considerably sinuated) towards the costa; the disc 

 and extremity are but slightly varied with dusky spots and dentated streaks, and the costal subapical spot is 

 small and indistinct. The hind wings have not a broad, brownish subapical fasci.a. The thorax is grey in front 

 and varied with black and orange behind. 



Mr. Stephens describes the caterpillar as of a fine emerald green, with the head brown, the back blue, and 

 the retractile filaments red. It feeds on the birch and oak. 



The species is rare, being occasionally found near London in July. 



SPECIES 8.— CERURA VINULA. Plate XV., Fig. 12, 1.3. 



Synonymes. — Phala^na {Bombyx) vinnla, Linua?us ; F.ahiicins ; 

 Wilkes, pi. 29, fig. 1 ; Harris, Aurelian, pi. 38, fig. a— e; Albin, pi. 

 xi. ; Donovan, vol. .3, pi. 85; Leach ; Curtis; Stephens (Ceruiav.) 



Wood. Ind. Ent., pi. 5, fig. 21 ; Duncan, Brit. Moths, pi. 15, 

 fig. 1,2. 



Bovibyx ininax, HUbner (variety). 



This beautiful, and at the same time very common species, varies from 2^ to nearly 3i inches in the expanse 

 of its wings, which are of a milky white colour, but more ashy in the female ; with a transverse row of black 

 spots near the base, succeeded by a rather more cinereous-coloured bar, edged on both sides with black spots. 

 Then follow in the discoidal coll three curved blackish stripes, which run in arches to the hind margin of the 

 ■wing. Beyond the discoidal cell are two rows of blackish, very strongly dentate, waves ; the spaces between 

 the veins along the outer margin of the wing being marked with longitudinal, dark, wedge-like streaks. The 



