AND THEIR TRANSFORMATIONS. J69 



wliicli II. popularis closely resembles, in its m.arkings and pale veins. The palpi are rather short and porrected ; 

 the spiral tongue very short ; the thorax subquadrate, and the abdomen of the males tufted. The caterpillars 

 are robust and naked. They feed upon low-growing plants, hiding themselves during the day, whence the 

 generic name, whicli signifies Dread-of-thc-sun. The jnipa is buried imder ground. Boisduval arranges the 

 genus next to Agrotis, and includes in it Charajas graminis and some other moths. 



SPECIES 1.— HELIOPHOBUS POPULARIS. Plate XXXV., Fig. 1. 



SvNONYMF.s. — Noclua pnpniaris, Pabricius ; Ilawonli ; Stephens 

 Wooil, Ind. Ent., pi. 12. fig. 247. 

 Noctua graminis^ Iliibncr. 



Noctua Lolii, Esper. 



Noctua typkoides, Donovan, 15, pi. 50J. 



This species measures nearly 1 ^ inch in the expanse of the fore wings, which are brown with white veins ; 

 in the middle of the wing are two geminated strigae, the space between them being darker, and bearing the 

 three stigmata ; beyond these is a submarginal row of arrow-shaped spots, the point directed towards the base 

 of the wing, with the fourth striga yellowish-white, immediately adjoining, and more or less interrupted ; on 

 the margin is a row of black dots ; the two ordinary stigmata are j)ale yellowish-ash, with the centres darker, 

 the anterior being small and circular ; the supplemental stigma is ashy, with a black edge ; the cilia is brown, 

 with two pale lines ; the hind wings are whitish, with a broad dusky border. 



It is by no means rare, and is a widely distributed species. 



SPECIES 2.— HELIOPHOBUS LEUCOPIIiEUS. Plate XXXV., Fig. 2, 3. 



Sy.sonvmfs. — Noclna leucophtea, Wien.Vciz. ; Iliibncr ; Stephens, 

 111. H. 2, pi. 24, f. 1 ; Woo<l, Ind. Ent. pi. 12, fig. 24S. 

 Bombyx fulmineay Eabricius, DcviUiers, 



liomby,v vestigialis, Esper (ni.nle) ; Devill. 

 Bombyx ravuia, Esper (female). 

 Pachetra IcucophtBa, Guenee. 



This species, which Guenee has formed into a separate genus, and which Boisduval placed as his first section 

 of the genus Iladena, measures 1 { inch in the expanse of the fore wings, which are of a greyish-white, varied 

 w'ith pale buff, and with darker clouds of brown. The ordinary striga are indistinct, except the second, which 

 is indicated by two pale arched lines behind the base of the anterior stigma ; the third is represented by a few 

 dark scollops behind the second stigma, and a few dots on the veins ; and the fourth by the indistinct striga 

 towards the apex of the wing, having a more or less distinct series of dark conical spots resting upon it within, 

 and the tip of the wing beyond it being brown. The stigmata are large, distinct, and pale, with the centres 

 darker and the edges blackish ; the hind wings arc ashy white, with a dark central lunule and a transverse striga, 

 the extreme margin formed by a very slender interrupted dark line. The specimen figured by Mr. Stephens is 

 considerably paler than that represented in our plate, with the markings less distinct. The Caterpillar is reddish- 

 brown, with dark longitudinal stripes. The moth is very rare in this country, the only known specimens having 

 occurred near Bristol in July 1816. Boisduval gives June as the time of its appearance. 



EUPLEXIA, Stephens. PHLOGOPHORA, pars. Treitschke, Bdv., Curtis. 

 The species of whicli this group is composed, namely our only Enghsh species, Noctua lucipara and two conti- 

 nental ones, seem to form a passage between the Iladence, with which they are associated by Guencc, and the typical 

 Phlogophora, with which latter they agree in various important respects. The palpi are obliquely porrected 

 and slightly elevated ; the eyes are naked ; the thorax crested behind ; the fore wings longitudinally folded in 

 repose, the cilia; forming a dentate margin to the wings ; the autennaj of the males closely clothed with bristles ; 

 the caterpillars glabrous, green-coloured, with darker oblique lateral lines and minute black tubercles, and slightly 



