Biebrich Scarlet-Orange G protocol prior to examination and photography with an 

 Olympus BH-2 compound microscope. 



Distribution maps are based solely on museum specimens examined and a 

 few reliable literature records, and are intended only to be general guides of species 

 ranges. The base drainage map was redrawn from a pre- 1940 edition released from 

 the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, and thus does not accurately reflect 

 more recent changes in hydrological flow patterns resulting from natural causes or 

 hydroelectric reservoirs. In many cases, single dots represent more than one 

 collection at the same or a nearby locality. In some cases, locality data were vague 

 or may have actually represented the nearest settlement or a fish market; cases of 

 suspected inacurate or imprecise locality information were not plotted on the maps. 

 . The material examined section under each species account is arranged in the 

 following sequence: country, state or major province when known, museum catalog 

 number, number of specimens of each sex (when known) and standard length in mm 

 in parentheses, locality, date, and collector(s). Institutional acronyms are from 

 Leviton et al. (1985). Locations of specimens from the Thayer expedition (Harvard 

 University) to Brazil were extracted from Dick (1977) and an unpublished 

 manuscript by Horacio Higuchi. Material collected by the MZUSP Expedigao 

 Permanente da Amazonia are listed as having been collected by EPA. 

 Uncatalogued specimens collected by Goulding (1988), currently deposited at 

 MZUSP, are cited parenthetically by his field numbers prefixed by "MG" in the 

 Material Examined sections. Locality data accompanying specimens (now at 

 FMNH) collected by J. D. Haseman were supplemented with information from 

 Eigenmann (1911). Material formerly in the collections of Stanford University and 

 Indiana University, now at the CAS, are listed as CAS-SU and CAS-IU, 

 respectively. 



