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Hills, where the .Romans had extensive mines, and where, also, 

 a very perfect pig of the reign of Claudius, about A.D., 45, was 

 found, showing at what an early period this portion of the Island 

 was brought under tribute — the natives being always compelled 

 to work the mines, a degredation commented on by the British 

 chief Galgacus, when addressing his followers previous to an 

 engagement with the Romans. Although Bath was evidently 

 a large city, there is nothing to show that it was a military 

 stronghold, like Chester, for instance. The funeral monuments 

 to soldiers found at different times appear to have been those of 

 veterans and invalids, who came for the benefit of the waters 

 and died there. The numerous and extensive villa remains, 

 which have been discovered within a mile or two of the city, 

 would seem to show that the inhabitants lived in security and 

 even luxury. No less than sixteen of these are at present 

 known. The form of the walls, as before observed, is pentangu- 

 lar, the mediaeval resting on the Roman. There wei'e four gates 

 at the cardinal points, and the Avon protected the city on two 

 sides, the walls being adapted to the bend of the river. From 

 the fact of certain remains, believed to have belonged to boats, 

 having been discovered close under this wall, it is supposed that 

 in the Roman times the river actually touched it, and also that 

 the tide was probably felt here ; this, if precisely ascertained, 

 would be a matter of great interest in a geological point of view. 

 One of the four great Roman roads, the " Fosse Way," which 

 connected Lincolnshire and Devonshire, passed through the 

 city. These roads bore a strong resemblance to the great mili- 

 tary ways of Peru, constructed by the Incas. In the reign of 

 Henry Eighth, Leland, the Antiquarian, was authorized by the 

 king to make a tour through the kingdom, in order to investi- 

 gate the national antiquities. In the walls of Bath he describes 

 having seen many Roman antiquities which now are for the 

 most part obscured by buildings. In the year 1790, when dig- 

 ging for the foundations of the present Pump-room, there were 

 discovered the remains of a temple, of which some fragments of 

 columns of the Corinthian order, and hollow, are preserved in the 

 Museum. Portions of the pediment, veiy beautifully sculptured 

 to represent flowers and foliage, were also found, and on the 



