78 PARASITES OF GIPSY AND BROWN-TAIL MOTHS. 



in June, the larvae were about full grown and making ready to spin. 

 The natural enemies of the gipsy-moth were not abundant in this 

 forest, although a few were seen on trees along the highway in this 

 general region. Nevertheless the invariable experience in Europe is 

 that following such an outbreak as this parasites congregate in the 

 region the following year and multiply in enormous numbers. The 

 finding of this area, therefore, seemed fortunate, since during the 

 season of 1910 it seemed probable that parasites would be abundant 

 at that point. This hope was not fulfilled, however, and in 1910 

 practically no gipsy-moth larvae were to be found in that general 

 region. 



In the meantime the honorable minister of agriculture for Japan 

 had at the request of the honorable the Secretary of Agriculture of 

 the United States designated Prof. S. I. Kuwana, of the Imperial 

 Agricultural Station at Tokyo, to be the official representative of the 

 Japanese Government in the parasite work to be carried on during 

 the spring and summer of 1909, and to conduct his operations in 

 cooperation with and in correspondence with the chief of the Bureau 

 of Entomology of the United States Department. Prof. Kuwana 

 has shown himself in this, as in his previous work, a man of extra- 

 ordinary intelligence and activity, and has sent in a number of inter- 

 esting and valuable lots of parasitic material which were received at 

 Melrose Highlands in uniformly good condition. This was due to 

 the great care and intelligence shown by Prof. Kuwana in its collec- 

 tion and in his methods of packing and shipping. 



The most nearly perfect European service during the summer of 

 1909 was secured in France, owing to the arrangement made at the 

 May conference in Paris. In the south of France very many people 

 were employed under Mr. Powell, and several thousand boxes of good 

 material were received at the parasite laboratory from this region. 

 (See PL IV, fig. 2.) In quantity it exceeded the total of all the 

 importations of a similar character made since the inception of the 

 work, and from it have been reared a greater number of important 

 tachinid parasites than have been reared from all other importations 

 of similar character taken together. The size of the French shipments 

 is largely due to the intelligent energy of Mr. M. Dillon (see PL IV, 

 fig. 1), with whom the bureau was placed in relations by Mr. Powell. 



Quantities of miscellaneous material were also received, as for- 

 merly, from numerous collectors in Germany, Austria, Italy, Hol- 

 land, Belgium, and Switzerland. 



Prof. Kincaid's account of his Russian observations is as follows : 



At the request of Dr. L. O. Howard, Chief of the Bureau of En- 

 tomology, United States Department of Agriculture, the writer 

 visited the provinces of Russia bordering upon the Black Sea during 

 the summer of 1909 with a view to the introduction into America 



