NARRATIVE OF PROGRESS OF WORK. 83 



at Lisbon, and the latter gladly consented to act as the agent of the 

 bureau in this work in Portugal. In France arrangements were made 

 with Mr. Dillon as during the previous year in the south of France, 

 and arrangements were .renewed with Miss Ruhl in Zurich and Mr. 

 Schopfer in Dresden. The distributing agency in Hamburg was con- 

 tinued, and a new distributing agency was started at Havre, France, 

 on account of its convenient proximity to the American line steamers 

 starting from Southampton. In order to insure the best results, Mr. 

 Dillon accompanied certain large shipments from Hyeres to Havre, 

 and personally saw that they were placed upon the channel steamer 

 the night before the sailing of an American line steamer from 

 Southampton. 



Sendings from Japan were continued in the same manner as dur- 

 ing the previous year. The minister of agriculture for Japan, at the 

 request of the Secretary of Agriculture of the United States, again 

 designated Prof. S. I. Kuwana, of the Imperial Agricultural Experi- 

 ment Station at Tokyo, to be its official representative in this work, 

 and he continued his extremely valuable sendings. 



The amount received during the summer was larger than ever 

 before, but the results obtained, owing partly to the condition of the 

 material on receipt and owing to curious seasonal fluctuations and 

 differences in the countries of origin and in the infested territory in 

 America, the results by no means corresponded with the increased 

 material. The work carried on in the laboratory during the season 

 and the results obtained are mentioned later. 



In the autumn the junior author visited France and Russia for the 

 purpose of studying certain important points regarding the question 

 of alternate hosts of the parasites and methods of hibernation. The 

 results of his observations will be given in detail in the later section 

 headed "The extent to which the gipsy moth is controlled through 

 parasitism abroad." 



At the close of the season of 1910, and in part owing to the prepara- 

 tion of the present bulletin, a general review of the whole work was 

 undertaken, and a summing up of present conditions seemed to indi- 

 cate that nearly as much had already been accomplished by present 

 methods as could be expected. The great need at this time seemed 

 to be a careful study in the countries of origin of the species of appar- 

 ent importance which have been sent over but have not become 

 established, in order to ascertain the reasons for the apparent failure; 

 and, further, to see on the spot what can be done with regard to the 

 importation of parasites of apparently lesser importance, but which, 

 through the fact that they may fill in gaps in the parasitic chain and 

 may at the same time increase beyond their native wont when con- 

 fronted with American conditions, may be very desirable. Accord- 



