EXTENT OF GIPSY-MOTH PARASITISM ABROAD. 



121 



interests of the work. As a result numerous large shipments of 

 parasite cocoons and pup aria, as well as of caterpillars in various 

 stages and of pupae were received at the laboratory. The condition 

 of the material on receipt compared more than favorably with the 

 average of similar shipments from Europe, and for the first time 

 opportunity was afforded for the actual first-hand investigation of 

 the parasitic fauna of the gipsy moth in Japan. 



Similar shipments were made in 1909 and 1910, with even better 

 results in so far as the condition of the material on receipt was con- 

 cerned, and several of the more important parasites have now been 

 liberated in the field in America under conditions which are appar- 

 ently ideal and which ought to encompass their introduction and 

 establishment, if such a thing is possible. 



Table I. — Sequence of gipsy-moth parasites in Japan. 



&4RAStT£S. 



£66 



LAffVAL STAGES. 



PUPAL STAGES. 



ADULT 



FRESH 



IO 

 SAYS. 



OLD 

 280 



DAYS. 



FIRST 



7 

 DAYS. 



SEC- 

 OND 



7 

 DAYS. 



THIRD 



7 

 DAYS. 



FOURTH 



7 

 DAYS. 



FIFTH 



7 

 DAYS. 



SIXTH 



7 

 DAYS. 



SEV- 

 ENTH 



7 

 DAYS. 



2 



DAYS 



FRESH 



3 

 DAYS. 



OLD 



7 

 DAYS. 



ANAST/1TUS Bt&SOWUS 

 SCHEDIUS HUVAN^e 



APANTELES FULVIPES < 



*LIMNERIUM DISPAPIS 

 *METEORUS JAPONICUS 

 CROSSOCOSAfIA SERICARIAL 

 TACHINA JAPOAIICA 

 *TH£ROAIIA JAPONIC* 

 •*P/ATPLA PLUTO 

 *P/MPLA DISPAR/S , 

 •kpiMPLA PORTHETR/AE^ 

 CHALCIS OBSCURATA 







P! 



?sr ( 



ENEfi 



AVON 



fOGE 



VERA, 



ION 

























SECO) 



















- 













































• •■•• 























* SPECIES MOT CONSIDERED TO BE OP MUCH IMPORTANCE ECONOMICALLY. 



A total of 14 species of parasites has been reared from the 

 imported material, of which 7 were present in sufficient abun- 

 dance to indicate that they were of real importance in effecting the 

 control of the moth. Two species are of such doubtful host rela- 

 tionship as to have been omitted from Table I. 



Specimens of one species, Meteorus japonicus, the importance of 

 which is not indicated by the examination of the imported material, 

 have been sent to us by Mr. Kuwana with the statement that it is some- 

 times, locally at least, a common parasite, but none for colonization 

 has been received. Still another is of possible importance, judging 

 from the very limited opportunity which we have had for its investi- 

 gation, but none of the others is of proved worth. Since nothing is 

 actually known of the conditions under which particular lots of 



