170 DWIGHT 



lemon-yellow. Young may be distinguished usually by the dusky inner margins 

 of the tertiaries but differ verj- little from adults. 



4. First Nuptial Plumage acquired by wear which removes 

 much of the wing edgings. Browner more worn remiges and 

 especially primary coverts with distinct edgings distinguish young 

 birds. 



5. Adult Winter Plumage acquired by a complete post- 

 nuptial moult. Differs little from first winter dress, but fewer 

 edgings, and blacker primaries with their coverts and the ter- 

 tiaries white. 



6. Adult Nuptial Plumage acquired by wear. 



Female. — The moults and plumages correspond to those of 

 the male but the colors and markings are quite different. The 

 sexes are similar in juvenal plumage. In first winter dress 

 females are deep mouse-gray about the head, paler on the back 

 and grayish wood-brown on the rump. The primaries have a 

 white spot at their bases and the secondaries and tertiaries are 

 wholly drab-gray with dull black on the inner webs. The tail 

 has the inner webs of all the rectrices white and the upper tail 

 coverts have white spots. The first nuptial plumage is assumed 

 by wear and the adult winter dress by a complete moult, this 

 plumage being rather grayer than that of the first winter. 



Pinicola enucleator (Linn.). Pine Grosbeak 



1. Natal Down. No specimen seen. 



2. Juvenal Plumage acquired by a complete postnatal moult 



Above, bistre, tinged on crown and rump with dull ochre-yellow. Wings and tail 

 clove-brown with pale buff' edgings sometimes whitish especially on tertiaries 

 and tail. Wing bands indistinct, pale buff. Below, hair-brown or drab, washed, 

 especially on breast and sides, with ochraceous, the feather edgings wood- 

 brown. Bill and feet dusky pinkish buff becoming darker with age. 



3. First Winter Plumage acquired by a partial postjuvenal 

 moult beginning early in September in eastern Canada which 

 involves the body plumage and wing coverts but not the rest of 

 the wings nor the tail. 



Above, chiefly pale olive-brown, sometimes with i-eddish or yellowish tinge 

 veiled with smoke-gray edgings, the crown, auriculars, rump and upper tail 



