MODIFICATION OF COLOR. 

 TablS d^. — General color of beetles used. 



183 



Class 



4 



5 



6 



7 



8 



9 



10 



" 



12 



13 



Parents 



Control 



Experiment*. 



P.ct. 

 I 



P.ct. 

 I 



I 



P.ct. 

 2 



7 

 5 



5 



8 



50 



P.ct. 

 20 



17 

 20 



42 

 39 



20 



p.ct. 



18 



19 



5 





P.ct. 

 2 



I 



I 

 I 



* Number of individuals. 



Empirical mode of parents 9 



Empirical mode of control. 9 



Empirical mode in experiment ... 7 



Modal deviation of parents .... 



Modal deviation of control 



Modal deviation in experiment 



o 



o 



— 2 



Experiment 13. — To determine the effect upon the color and color pattern of L. decern- 

 lineata of a large decrease in average temperature when applied throughout life. 



Conditions. — Temperature on the average 20° C. below that in nature, with 

 other conditions abnormal, as described in experiment 7. 



Apparatus. — The same as in experiment 7. 



In these experiments 4,250 freshly laid eggs collected at random were used ; 

 of these 1,150 hatched, but only 1,000 lived to begin feeding. The larvae 

 were modified in their coloration, as in experiment 12, and the larval period 

 was three times its normal length. The following temperatures were used : 



Tabi,E 68. — Temperature conditions. 



Conditions— 



8 a. m. 



I p. m. 



8 p. m. 



Maxi- 

 mum. 



Mini- 

 mum. 



Aver- 

 age. 



Deviation 



from 



normal. 



In nature 



In experiment. . 



° C. 



19 



2 



° C. 



21 

 3 



33 

 6.5 



13 

 



23.66 

 366 





 -20 



In these experiments 79 per cent died in the larval stage, 1 1 per cent in the 

 pupal, and 10 per cent completed their transformations. The pupal stage 

 was prolonged to five times its norm.al length. The variations found were 

 exactly the same as those described for experiment 7. The sedations of the 

 imagines are as follows : 



Tabi:.E 69. — General color of beetles used. 



Class..... 



2 



3 



4 



5 



6 



7 



8 



9 



10 



II 



12 



13 



14 



Parents 



Control 



Experiment. . 



P.ct. 

 "1 



P.ct. 

 10 



P.ct. 



"1 

 43 



P.ct. 



I 



I 



21 



P.ct. 

 2 



7 

 15 



P.ct. 

 5 

 8 

 8 



P.ct. 

 20 



17 

 2 



P.ct. 

 42 

 39 



P.ct. 

 18 



19 



P.ct. 

 9 

 6 



P.ct. 

 2 



I 



P.ct. 

 I 



I 



p.ct. 



Empirical mode of parents 9 



Empirical mode of control 9 



Empirical mode in experiment 4 



Modal deviation of parents o 



Modal deviation of control o 



Modal deviation in experiment . . — 5 



