i88i-i882.] 95 



the underlying basalt, for the purpose of running a tunnel from 

 the lake to the Copeland Water Reservoir, now being formed 

 about a mile and a half further down. As the lake is only 

 forty-five feet in its deepest part, we may assume that it is in 

 the main the result of this natural dam of boulder clay, whilst 

 the deepest portions may have been originally a shallow, ice- 

 excavated hollow in the basalt, but the absence of any special 

 obstacle to the floor of the ice sheet would not lead us to expect 

 more ice excavation here than the relative depth of the clay 

 bank and the lake would appear to indicate. 



The shafts and cuttings sunk through this boulder clay, 

 which extends down the Copeland water valley nearly to the 

 new reservoir, have yielded an immense number of ice-worn, 

 polished, and striated boulders, chiefly of basalt and hardened 

 chalk, some of the latter showing a high polish. Of the smaller 

 stones most of the party brought aAvay specimens. In excava- 

 ting the Copeland water dam, which was next reached, a 

 magnificently ice-scored and polished boulder of chalk lime- 

 stone, several tons in weight, was found. This, unfortunately, 

 has been blasted into two or three pieces, but one of them, very 

 beautifully striated, and from half to three-quarters of a ton in 

 weight, was inspected. This is so fine a relic of the " great ice 

 age" that an effort ought certainly to be made to have it 

 secured for our local museum. 



The Rhoetic fish bed was dug into whilst making the puddle 

 trench of the reservoir, but is now covered up again. Some 

 interesting fragments, however, were found amongst the debris, 

 including a shell apparently new to the district. 



The party now divided, some hurrying off to catch the train 

 at Carrick, the remainder paying a visit to the springs at Sulla- 

 tober. Here the water, supposed to have disappeared at Lig- 

 naca, comes boiling and bubbling out of the earth again in two 

 deliciously-clear ice-cold springs, to soon lose its purity, how- 

 ever, in the printworks of Sullatober. On the tired party 

 reaching Carrickfergus, the generous hospitality of Mr. and 

 Mrs. Stevenson, of the Model School, soon gave them new 



