1889-90.] 203 



many others occur, their names being given below. The lower 

 2 / -6" of this bed was below the level of the ground at the base 

 of the escarpment, and was examined by means of the trench 

 already mentioned. In places near the base of this bed the 

 matrix was observed to be red and clayey, but very soft, and 

 apparently the result of infiltration. 



Bed E. — Next in descending order came a band 2 / -6 // deep of 

 black clayey gravel, in which much water was encountered. 

 Except for the clayey matrix, it did not differ materially from 

 the overlying gravel, and the fossils obtained were similar. 



Bed F. — Below this was i'-o" of black, coarse sand, stained 

 with iron in places, this being the transition bed between the 

 gravels and the Estuarine Clay. Tapes aureus and Cardium 

 exiguum now became characteristic species. 



Bed G. — Underlying the sand was typical Estuarine Clay — 

 tough homogeneous blue clay, with well-preserved littoral shells, 

 and abundance of Grass Wrack (Zostera marina). It was 

 observed to correspond exactly with the clay exposed at the old 

 pottery (see previous report), and like it, merged downwards 

 into black sand. A large sample (30 lbs.) of this interesting bed 

 was brought away for more minute examination. 



Bed H. — Next came a stratum 2 / -o // in thickness of fine 

 blackish sand, much resembling the clay, both in colour and in 

 the shells which it yielded, and not separated from it by any 

 sharp line of demarcation. Littorina obtusata and Trochus 

 cinerareus, which prevail throughout the series, were present 

 in this zone in great profusion. 



Bed I. — Below the black sand a deposit of considerable 

 interest was discovered, consisting of coarse, blackish gravel, 

 containing large, rounded boulders of up to 2 feet diameter, 

 covered with Spirorbis and Corallines so fresh looking, that 

 when cleaned, the stones might easily have been supposed to 

 have just been brought from some neighbouring beach. Shells 

 were abundant, and in a far better state of preservation 

 than those in the gravels above. Littorina obtusata again pre- 

 dominated, occurring in great abundance. On account of the 



