Gray] 6 t S [Worked Flints. 



PLATE 4. 



PLC*. 7. HAMMhRS. 



5 Full Size. 



The tools supposed to have been employed in the manufacture 

 of worked flint in ancient times are chiefly in the form of 

 hammers. They occur on the sites of ancient settlements, and 

 assume definite typical forms. The simplest forms are ordinary 

 water-worn pebbles, chiefly those of quarlzite, such as are 

 weathered out of the Boulder Clay. They were selected and 

 used by primitive man as hammers ; their continued use as 

 such is demonstrated by the manner in which their ends are 

 crushed and broken. Many of these pebbles are more or less 

 ground into form, others have hollows sunk in the sides, and in 

 some cases the holes are pierced through, as shown in the 

 centre of the illustration. Others are oval or round in form, 

 and are distinguished by a long indention at both sides, as if 

 used for sharping a hard metal point. They are represented in 

 the finds from each of the sand-dune stations. The variety of 

 forms that occur among the hammer-stones, suggests the pro- 

 bability that they were also used for many other purposes. 



FIG. 8. — CORES, FROM GRAVELS, ETC. 



\ Full Size. 



On the sites of all the ancient flint-factories, a large number 

 of flint cores occur. Many of them are so weathered and round 

 that only an expert can detect them. But the greater number 

 are so well and clearly marked as to satisfy any ordinary observer 

 that they formed the original block of flint from which the 

 flakes were struck. They are of various sizes, some very large, 

 and some very small, indeed, not more than f inch long, yet 

 they all show the scars or depressions from which the flakes 

 were struck off. Usually the rough core shows the outside crust 

 of the flint nodule at one side, but many show that the mani- 

 pulator struck off flakes all round, such as is done by the flint 

 workers at Brandon, &c, where modern gunflints are now 

 manufactured. 



