1 88 [Proc. B.N.F.C., 



R. M. Frazer, M.B , Miss Herre, Miss Nan Sinclair, Robert 

 Walsh, John H. Barbour, and Lakes Roscorla. 



22 November, 1894. 



The first business ['meeting of the Winter Session was held 

 in the Museum, College Square, on Tuesday evening, 22 

 November, when the President, F. W. Lockwood, C.E., delivered 

 the opening address. 



The President, in his opening remarks, congratulated the 

 Field Club upon its continued prosperity and the recent great 

 increase of zeal, as indicated by the formation of various 

 sections, such as the Microscopical Committee, the Celtic Class, 

 the Photographic Committee, and the Geological Committee, 

 all of which were doing good work. He then went on to 

 comment at greater length upon the investigations by the 

 Geological Committee into glacial phenomena generally. The 

 various changes of opinion on this question were commented 

 upon, and the principal theories upon the Great Ice Age 

 described. The more striking of these are by this time familiar 

 to most if not all members of the Club. The coating of stiff 

 clay, with subangular boulders of various sizes, many of them 

 more or less polished or striated, scattered irregularly through 

 it, which covers more than half the British Islands ; the beds of 

 stratified sand or gravel which are here and there associated 

 either above or below and sometimes in the middle of this clay; 

 the smoothed, rounded, and polished surface of most of our 

 northern rocks ; the various lake-basins, large and small, 

 which are so numerous in the more hilly parts ; and the heaped- 

 up banks of boulders and other debris which lie in the numerous 

 valleys, as well as the erratic blocks which line our hill sides 

 and are sometimes scattered over our plains — all these are now 

 unanimously attributed to the action of ice in some form or 

 another, and the period, very recent geologically speaking, to 

 which they belong is now familiarly known as the " Great Ice 



