1896-97] 3^7 



is that from Fi to F2 its octave there is no element produced, 

 the rest come later on and higher up, by other primes, producing 

 other ratios. It has long been the blunder of musical scientists 

 that they have tried to generate the musical elements from the 

 root of the Tonic chord, the key-note. The true way is to 

 generate from the root of the under chord, and only use the 

 geometric primes 2, 3, and 5, and the first thing produced is a 

 leap of an octave. The ratio of the octave is invariably 2:1. 

 Here then we have an initial point of analogy. The analogy 

 begins at the very beginning of the thing. We can see it by 

 this simple illustration : — 



Hydrogen 1 . . . Lithium 7, Beryllium 9, &c. 



Fi . . . . F 2, G, A, B f C, D, &c. 



But the analogy does not rest in one point of resemblance. 

 We come to what struck Newlands, and which led him to 

 formulate the " Law of Octaves ." He observed that the first 

 seven elements presented a series of properties ; and then that 

 the eighth element went back and presented not a new eighth 

 feature, but a kind of repetition of the properties of the first ; 

 so he tabulated them, like the musical elements, in Octaves, 

 thus : — 



/Li. 7, Be. 9, B. 11, C. 12, N. 14, O. 16, FI. 19, \ Hvdrosrem 

 \ Na. 23, Mg. 24, Al. 27, Si. 28, P. 31, S. 32, CI. 35*5 J ^^ 



/ F 16, G 18, A 20, Bzz\, C 24, D 27, E 7,o,\ v . h . 

 \ F 32, G 36, A 40, B 45, C 48 B 54, E 60, )™ratiom. 



Now it is to be understood from Newlands* point of view, 

 that as ^32 greatly resembles in tonal effect F 16 ; and as G 

 36 resembles similarly G 18 ; and so on through the Octave ; 

 so in the chemical elements Sodium 23 resembles, in physical 

 and chemical features, Lithium 7, and Magnesium 24 resembles 

 in a similar way Beryllium 9 ; and so on also through the 

 whole octave period. And not through these two octaves only, 

 but up through the whole twelve octaves; certainly through 

 those already known, and presumably through those as yet 

 undiscovered. 



Wurtz, in his work called " The Atomic Theory" after 



