out. The coastline of Kerry, deeply indented by long estuaries, 

 was compared with the comparatively unbroken lines of the 

 Antrim and Down coasts, and the causes of this remarkable differ- 

 ence pointed out. Reference was made to the geological form- 

 ations represented in a section between Bantry Bay. Kenmare, 

 and Killarney, and the physical geology of these traced. After 

 the old red sandstone and carboniferous limestone had been laid 

 down and consolidated, a series of strains in the crust of the 

 earth passed over the South of Ireland and certain parts of the 

 Continent. These strains left their evidences in the immense 

 number of folds that are now found in the rocks. The two 

 great folds between Kenmare and Glenariffon the one side and 

 Kenmare and Killarney on the other were described. The axes 

 of these folds run east and west, the summits forming moun- 

 tains and the troughs valleys. The age at which this folding 

 took place was previous to the time when the lias and white 

 limestone of Antrim was formed. Since the close of the period 

 at which the carboniferous limestone was laid down this district 

 has been above the sea and subject to aerial denudation. Thus 

 the Kerry Mountains are true mountain chains, and are older 

 than the chalk and basalt hills of Antrim. Detailed reference 

 was made to the igneous rocks of the district near Killarney, 

 and their nature, age, and occurrence explained and contrasted 

 with the igneous rocks of Antrim. The district is of interest 

 to the glaciologist, as many of the roadside features and much 

 of the scenery are due to glacial action. Characteristic lantern 

 slides were used to illustrate these. Guidebooks and railway 

 advertisements often refer to the "fiords" of Kerry. It is a 

 good catchword, but, as was shown, the fiords of Kerry are of 

 much greater antiquity than the ice age, and, though ice had 

 much to do with the surface sculpturings of the land as observed 

 to-day, it was in no sense the cause of the so-called fiords, and 

 in the scenery as it charms us to-day we see but the arithmetical 

 resultant of forces that have been at work through unnumbered 

 ages. 



In some notes on the fauna of County Kerry, Mr. R. Welch 



