164 KITAJIMA. 



Result obtained by the administration of antiltalnt senum. 



Patient: 





Residence __. 



Kanehisa Village in Oshima. 



Occupation 



Peasant. 



Name ,__ 



Jiro Yamada. 

 42. 





When and where bitten _ _ 



4 p. m. Dec. 5, 1905; Yaiyama in Kanehisa village. 



Site of bite and appearance. 



At the middle of the right palm. The bite consists of 

 several wounds as if stuck with needles; purplish in 







color; swelling considerably. 



General symptoms .. 



Swelling increased by degrees. Extended as far as the 





third of the upper limb; burningpain; glands swollen; 





painful on pressure; temperature, 39; pulse, 110; face 





pale; vomiting, colic, and restlessness developed. 



Prognosis at the first examination __ 



Bad. 



Serum : 





First injection- 





Date and hour 



7 p. m. Dec. 5, 1905. 



Amount 



40 cubic centimeters. 



Second injection- 



Date and hour _ . 



10 p. m. Dec. 5. 



40 cubic centimeters. 



Amount 



Total amount of serum injected. 



80 cubic centimeters. 



Site of injection. 





Other treatment if any 



Dressed the wound with aseptic treatment; gave emul- 

 sion of digitalis. 





Duration after injection was made- 



Amelioration of symptoms developed on the second day 





after inoculation; on third nearly cured, except ne- 





crosis at bite. 



Result . 



Lived. 



Remarks 





Physician: 





Name ___ . 



T. Tamaru. 





Naka Kanehisa village in Oshima. 





We have come to the following conclusion, drawn from all the reports 

 we have received: The serum has a marked tendency to ameliorate the 

 intoxication, bringing about a quicker recovery. If it is given im- 

 mediately after the bite, swelling only makes its appearance, with only 

 the slightest phenomena of intoxication. In ordinary cases, general, 

 symptoms such as vomiting, colic and pain soon disappear, pain at the 

 site of the bite also decreases in two to three hours and the swelling 

 subsides after serum treatment. 



The importance of serum therapy is well shown by the fact that the 

 death rate was reduced to one-third of the ordinary. However, we regret 

 that the ignorance of the people as well as of the physicians of the 

 islands and the difficulties of communication make the poor victims 

 forego serum treatment in the general run of cases. Possibly no death 

 will occur if the victim receives serum treatment within one hour after 

 the bite. 



In conclusion, I must acknowledge my indebtedness to Professor 

 Kitasato, director of the Institute for the Study of Infectious Diseases, 

 for promoting these studies. 



